Sumer 3
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1. Anatomical,
histological and histochimical description of rumen in adult camel (Camelus
dromedary) with one humped in southern of Iraq
Zainab A. Salan1, Sawsan A. Ali1 and
Alaa H. Sadoon2
1Anatomy and histology Dept.,
college of veterinary medicine, University of Basrah.
2Veterinary anatomy and histology
Dept., college of veterinary medicine, University of Basrah.
Corresponding author: zainab ali
salan , [email protected], mobile +9647706081688.
" Abstract: The first chamber
(rumen) of the stomach adult of one-humped camel’s (Camelus dromedaries) for
twelve samples was studied. An anatomical study showed that the rumen in camels
consists of three areas, a smooth upper area and two cysts on the side between
them, a muscular groove that divides the rumen into two halves. The rumen
connects from the dorsal side to the esophagus, while the ventral side is
connected to the reticulum. The study of the inner surface revealed simple
zigzag folds formed as a result of filling and emptying the food. As for the two sac, they contain a sphincter
divided into main mucous columns that arise from the transverse groove and
extend from these two columns another secondary column consisting of chambers
or caves. Histologically: As for the histological study of the adult camel's
rumen, it revealed the presence of two types of epithelium that make up the
stomach tissue. The first type is the stratified squamous epithelial tissue
that lines the dorsal surface of the rumen.
Without dorsal bags. The other type of epithelium is a simple columnar
epithelium lining each of the glandular sacs in the rumen. The lamellar layer
appeared as dense connective tissue in areas lined with stratified keratinized
squamous epithelium and loose connective tissue in areas lined with simple
columnar epithelium. Some blood vessels
and nerves. The study also found two
types of tubular glands, small and large, in each of the glandular sacs in the
rumen, and the tunica muscularis appears in the form of two layers, the
transverse muscle layer and the longitudinal layer, where the last layer of the
serous tunica consists of loose connective tissue and contains blood vessels
and blastocysts. Fibrous layer
surrounded by simple squamous tissue Histochemistry: Routine H&E staining was
used to study histological layers, as well as Mason's stain to detect collagen
fibers. And PAS stain for the detection
of carbohydrates and mucin in the tissue.
Keywords: rumen, adult camel,
Camelus dromedary
2. Effect of
Partial Drip Irrigation Methods on Soil Moisture and Water Potential
Distribution, Growth Characteristics and Yield of Maize
Saja M. Ahmed1 and Tareq K. Masood2
1Dep. Agricultural Research,
Ministry of Agriculture, Iraq.
2Dep. Soil and Water Resources,
Coll. Agric. Engine. Sci., University of Baghdad, Iraq
*Correspondence:
mailto:[email protected]
Abstract: A field experiment was
conducted during autumn season 2021 at the Agricultural Research Department
station / Abu Ghraib, to evaluate the soil moisture,water potential
distribution and growth factors of maize crop under the alternating and
constant partial drip irrigation methods. In the experiment, two irrigation
systems were used, surface drip irrigation (DI) and subsurface irrigation (SD),
under each irrigation system five irrigation methods were: conventional
irrigation (CI) and 75 and 50% of the amount of water of CI of each of the
alternating partial irrigation APRI75 and APRI50 and the constant partial
irrigation FPRI75 and FPRI50 respectively. The results showed that the water
depth for conventional irrigation (C1) was 658.3 and 579.4 mm for the DI and SD
irrigation system, respectively, and the irrigation depth was reduced to 18%
when applied APRI75 and FPRI75 and 37% when applied APRI50 and FPRI50
respectively.The moisture distribution differed according to the irrigation
method, and the SD provided a higher moisture content and lower water potential
due to the lower rate of evaporation from the soil surface. Also,the growth
traits of maize varied according to the irrigation system and its methods. The
SD system was significantly superior in the grain yield of maize with an
increase of 5.4% compared with DI, as well as the alternating partial
irrigation treatments were significantly superior compared with to the constant
partial irrigation.
Keywords:Matric suction, Zea mays
L., irrigation system, irrigation depth.
3. Detection of
Biofilm Formation Among the Clinical Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae:
Phenotypic and Genotypic Methods
Fatimah E. Alquraishi 1,* , Zainab
N. AL-Saadi 2 and Jalal A.T. Al-Azzawi 3
1 Department of Biology, College of
Science, University of Wasit, Wasit, Iraq; [email protected].
2 Department of Biology, College of
Science, University of Wasit, Wasit, Iraq; [email protected]. OR-CID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5963-250X.
3 Ministry of Health, Wasit Health
Directorate, Wasit Governorate, Iraq; [email protected]
* Correspondence:
[email protected]; Tel.: (+09647726878654)
Abstract: Infections caused by biofilm-embedded
pathogens decrease the efficacy of traditional treatments and increase
antibiotic tolerance. Most of the human bacterial infections are
biofilm-associated. Therefore, this study aimed todetect the biofilm formation
among the clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumonia that collected from
different hospitals in Wasit province-Iraq by phenotypic and genotypic methods.
A total of 525 clinical samples were used to isolate 77 K. pneumoniae strains
from clinical specimens throw five months. They were identified by
microbiological method as K. pneumoniae. Microtiter plate method used to detect
the biofilm formation. Results showed that out of 77 K. pneumonia isolates, 76
(98.7%) isolates were biofilm producers with three different categories; 12 (15.6%)
were weak-biofilm producers, while other isolates 63 (81.8%) and 1 (1.3%) were
moderate and strong producers, respectively. However, 1 (1.3%) isolates were
identified as non- biofilm producers. Amplification of genes by multiplex PCR
technique was done for 77 isolates of K. pneumonia to detect biofilm production
genes, mrkD and FimH. Results showed that out of 77 isolates there was 74
isolates (94.8%) positive to mrkD, 33 isolates (42.8%) to fimH.
Keywords: K. pneumonia; Microtiter
plate method; mrkD; fimH; Iraq.
4. Polymorphism
relationship of the fatty acid transport protein SLC27 gene, to some economic
and car-cass parameters of broiler
Ali Mohammed Jaafer and Ali A.
Abdul-Kareem
Animal Production Department,
College of Agriculture and Marshes, University of Thi-Qar, Iraq.
Emails: [email protected] ,
[email protected]
Abstract: This study was conducted
at the poultry field, College of Agriculture and the Marshes, University of
Thi-Qar from 10/11/2021 to 26/12/2021, and the Molecular Genetics Laboratories
at the Marsh Research Center, to determine the FATP gene polymorphism on the
some productive and physiological traits of broilers of ROSS 308. A total of
150 birds were used. The results of this study showed the following. The
sequence of nitrogenous bases the presence of the mutation G237A, three
genotypes were identified: GG, GA, and AA, it was noted that there were
significant differences on the distribution ratios of the genotypes of the FATP
gene according to the mutation G237A, where the genotype GA recorded the
highest percentage, followed by gen-otype GG, and then genotype AA. The G
allele frequency is superior to the A, it was noted that there were no
significant differences for the genotypes of the G237A mutation on the body
weight, no significant differences between the GA, GG and AA genotypes of the
FATP gene on the body weight, a
significant difference of the genotypes of the G237A mutation on carcass
weight, AA genotype outperformed the GG and GA geno-types, , the AA genotype
was superior to the GA and GG genotypes on wings relative weight.
Keywords: Polymorphism SLC27 gene,
economic, carcass, broiler.
5. Effect
mineral fertilization and fertilizer application sites on the nutrient
concentra-tions of N, P and K in the vegetative and fruiting part and the
productivity of okra
Amer Taha Khudhair1 and Qahtan Jamal
Abdulrasool2
1Mesopotamia State Seed Company,
Ministry of Agriculture, Iraq.
2College of Agricultural
Engineering, Sciences-University of Baghdad, Iraq.
Email: [email protected]
Abstract: A field experiment was
carried out in one of the farms in the district of Al-Suwaira - Wasit
gover-norate for the 2021 agricultural season. To find out the effect of adding
levels of NPK and the places of addi-tion on their concentrations in the
vegetative and fruiting part and the productivity of the okra crop. Six
treat-ments were produced from the fertilizers levels and the addition
distances are C2D2,C2D1,C1D2,C1D1,C0D2,C0D1 with three replications,
experimental units become 18 units. Com-pletely randomized block design (RCBD)
was used in the distribution of tretments. The dry weight and root diameters of
the plant were taken and the NPK concentrations were estimated in the
vegetative part at the end of the season, as well as the NPK concentrations in
the fruiting part of the first and last fairies, and the cumulative yield was
taken. The results showed the significant effect of NPK levels on nitrogen and
phosphorous concen-trations in the vegetative and fruiting parts, while the effect
was not significant on potassium concentration. The position of the fertilizer
application did not have a significant effect on the concentration of NPK in
the plant. The second level of fertilization C2 had a significant effect on the
dry weight of the plant, while the fertilization levels had no significant
effect on the diameter of the roots. Fertilizer levels had a significant effect
on yield.
Keywords: mineral fertilization,
application sites, NPK, okra.
6. Effect of
planting dates and potassium levels on the yield and fullness of sunflower
grains (Helianthus annuus L.) Shamoos cultivar
Haider Hakim Shamran and Hayder
Abdul-Hussain Mohsen Al- Mughair
Crop Science Department, College of
Agriculture, Al-Muthanna University, Iraq.
Corresponding Author:
[email protected]
Abstract: The study was conducted
during spring season (2022), to determine the effect of early planting for four
planting dates (18/1, 2/2, 17/2 and 4/3), and four levels of potassium
fertilizer (30, 60, 90 and 120) kg ha-1, on the yield and fullness of sunflower
grains, cultivar Shamoos, was carried out by arranging the split panels
according to a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates. The
results of the experiment showed significant effects of planting dates on yield
and its components, as the planting date exceeds D1 on the grain filling
period, the number of grain filled, the weight of 1000 grains, the yield of the
individual plant, the biological yield and the percentage of fertilization, the
results of the experiment also showed a significant effect of potassium levels
on yield traits, the K4 fertilization treatment gave the highest average of the
duration of grain filling and the number of filled grains, whereas, the K2
fertilization treatment gave the highest mean for the 1000 grain weight,
regarding the interaction between the two factors of the study, the results
showed sig-nificant differences between the experimental treatments on the
yield, the D1K4 interference treatment gave the highest mean of the grain
filling time.
Keywords: planting dates, potassium
levels, sunflower grains (Helianthus annuus L.), Shamoos cultivar.
7. Effect of
phosphate fertilization and aspartic acid spray on some characteristics of
growth and yield of oats Avena sativa L.
Adel Abbas Kareem, Hayder
Abdul-Hussain Mohsen Al- Mughair, Qassim A.S. Al-Zayadi
Crop Science Department, College of
Agriculture, Al-Muthanna University, Iraq.
Corresponding author:
[email protected]
Abstract: The experiment was carried
out in the Abu Al-Fadl Forest Nursery, the Plant Production Depart-ment,
Al-Diwaniyah Agriculture Directorate (3 km north-east of Al-Diwaniyah city)
during the winter season 2021-2022, to determine the effect of four levels of
phosphate fertilizer (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg P ha-1) and two concentrations of
aspartic acid spray (0 and 200 mg aspartic L-1), on the growth and yield of
oats Avena sativa L. Shifa cultivar. The experiment was applied according to a
Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) by a split plot, with three replicates.
The levels of phosphate fertilizer were distributed in the main plots, while
the concentrations of amino acids occupied the sub-plots. The results showed
the following: the superiority of plants fertilized at the fertilizer level of
90 kg P ha-1 significantly on the number of tillers, the number of dahl-ias,
the weight of a thousand grains g, the biological yield and grain yield, were
given 532 tillers m-2, 468.58 dalia m-2, 46.76 g, 56.39 mcg ha-1, and 8.92 mcg
ha-1, respectively, the results also showed that the plants treated with
aspartic acid (concentration 200 mg L-1) were significantly superior to the
number of tillers and the number of dahlias, it gave 527.75 tillers m-2 and
483.58 Dalia m-2. The interaction
between the two experi-mental factors (fertilization at a level of 90 kg P ha-1
and spraying with aspartic acid at a concentration of 200 mg L-1) had a
significant effect on the biological yield and grain yield.
Keywords: phosphate fertilization,
aspartic acid, growth, yield, oats Avena sativa L.
8. Effect of
different levels of nutmeg on some growth parameters of common carp Cyprinus
carpio L.
Ahmed Hassan Miteib Hulw, Ali
Hussain Salman and Jassim Kassim Al-Gharawi
Animal Production Department,
Agriculture College, Al-Muthanna University, Iraq.
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract: The study was conducted at
special cages in mud pond, Agricultural Research and Experiment Sta-tion,
Animal Production Department, Agriculture College, Al-Muthanna University, from
1/10/2020 to 10/12/2021to study effect of different levels of nutmeg on some
growth parameters of common carp. A total of 100 common carp fish, Cyprinus
carpio L.were brought from a private fish breeding lake in Al-Qadisiyah
Governorate, Al-Mihnawiya District, with an average weight of ±.94 gm. 80 fish
were selected and distributed randomly and evenly to the experimental cages,
put in each aquarium 5 fish for the purpose of acclimatization, the fish
persisted during the acclimatization period, which amounted to 10 days, were
starved for one day and then fed with 1% of the weight of the live mass in each
tank at the rate of two meals per day. The four treat-ments were T1 control, T2
0.005%, T3 0.01% and T4 0.015% nutmeg. The results indicated that there was a
significant decrease in the final body weight, weight gain, daily growth rate,
relative growth rate and specific growth rate in all nutmeg treatments compared
to the control treatment.
Keywords: Nutmeg, growth parameters,
common carp Cyprinus carpio L.
9. The effect
of biochar and perlite on the physical properties of the soil and its ability
to retain moisture
Nasser Jassim Mansour and Abdul
Mohsin Abdullah Radi
Soil Science and Water Resources,
Agriculture College, Al-Muthanna University, Iraq.
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract: A field experiment was
carried out in clay-textured soil during the agricultural season 2021-2022, at
Al-Muthanna Governorate, Al-Suwayr District - Albugrad region, longitude ´´5.
16 ´36°31, and a latitude '0'. 52 ´ 27 ° 45, to study the effect of biochar and
perlite on the physical properties of soil and the growth and yield of barley.
The experiment was carried out according to a Randomized Block Design (RCBD)
with two factors and three replicates, the biochar factor treatments included
four levels of biochar at the level (0%
B0, 0.5% B1, 1% B2, 1.5% B3), while the treatments of the second factor perlite
included four levels, they are the addition of agricultural perlite at the
level (0% P0, 0.5% P1, 1% P2, 1.5% P3). Mixing biochar with agricultur-al
perlite for all treatments with soil to a depth of 30 cm. Barley (Hordeum
vulgare L.) cultivar Iba 99 was planted on 1/11/2021. Crop service operations
were carried out from adding chemical fertilizers, jungle control and
irrigation until the end of the experiment and harvest on 9/9/2022. The results
showed the superiority of the B3 biochar treatment (1.5% biochar) on improving
most of the physical and chemical properties of the soil, the average weighted
diameter of the wet and dry sifters (0.92 and 4.74 mm), while the treatment P3
(1.5% perlite) recorded the highest total porosity of the soil (49.03%).
Keywords: Biochar, perlite, physical
properties, soil, moisture
10. Effect of
Lactobacillus paracasei (CNCM1-1572) Against Esche-richia coli O157:H7 Isolated
from Sheep
Ali Jamal Turkey Al-Saadi 1,*, and
Sahar Mahdi Hayyawi Al-Rubay 2
1Department of Microbiology, College
of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq; [email protected]
.
2Department of Microbiology, College
of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq;
[email protected].
* Correspondence: [email protected];
Tel.: +964 780 023 2313
Abstract: This study was based on
the importance of the effect of L. paracasei against E.coli O157:H7 that was
isolated from sheep suffering from diarrhea in many areas of Baghdad
(Abu-Ghraib , AL-Mahmoudia and AL-Yosifiya). All samples were cultivated on
MacConkey agar, Eosine Methylene Blue and Sorbitol Mac-Conkey agar for E. coli
isolation thenidentified by biochemical tests. out of 101 diarrhea samples, 100
isolates gave positive E.coli results. The isolates of L. paracasei were taken
and cultured onconditions at 37ºC for 24 hours Man Rogosa Sharpe broth and
incubated under CO2 (5-10%) for 24 hours, then recultured on MRS agar, examined
by gram stain and then confirm diagnosis by Vitek2. Lactobacillus paracasei
examined against E. coli O157:H7 by well diffusion method and measured the
diameters of inhibition zone around colonies. Mice (white Balb) were used as
laboratory animals model to investigate the effect and efficacy of L. paracasei
to treat diarrhea caused by E .coli O157, 50 mice were divided in to five groups. The
histopathological ex-amination for intestine noticed, the changes that occurred
during infection with E.coli O157:H7 treated with probiotics.
Keywords: Vitek2; Laboratory
technique; MacConkey agar; Histopathology; Iraq.
11. Isolation
and Molecular Detection of Feline Calici Virus in Cat in Baghdad City, Iraq
Mohammed D. M. Saeed 1,*, Atheer A.
Abdulazeez 2 and Hameed A.K. Al-Timmemi 3
1Department of Microbiology, College
of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq; [email protected]
.
2Department of Microbiology, College
of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq;
[email protected].
3Department of Surgery and
Obstetric, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad,
Iraq; [email protected].
*Correspondence: [email protected];
Tel.: +964 770 299 3201
Abstract: The feline calicivirus
(FCV) is a highly contagious and infectious virus that infects cats and causes
moderate to stringent respiratory infections and oropharyngeal illness. It is
very prevalent in shelters and birth-place colonies, and it frequently infects
kitten cats. 50 distinct cats were involved in the research, with samples
acquired between October 2020 and January 2021. Swabs were taken from the
oropharynx and conjunctiva, conditional on the signs of FCV disease septicity,
to inspect viral nucleic acid from collecting samples, then extract the RNA
from the swabs and turn it into a cDNA particle, and finally distinguishing the
open reading frame nucleic acid gene 2 using a primer special for feline
calicivirus, All specimens were taken in the province of Baghdad. Real-time PCR
and the Ag test kit were used to validate detection and results showed 28
positive results from the rapid Ag kit out of 50 samples while RT-PCR results
were 32 positive samples out of 50 samples, then isolation of the virus was
done in CRFK feline kidney cell culture in the virology laboratory unit,
institution of veterinary medicine university of Baghdad for more detection of
FCV. Sequencing and genetic analysis were done and confirmed three isolates
were related to highly virulent systemic disease and enteric fe-line
calicivirus (E-FCV) form which isolated in Italy.
Keywords: Cat; FCV; Real-time PCR;
Genetic analysis
12. The effect
of biochar and perlite on growth and yield of barley in clay soil
Nasser Jassim Mansour* and Abdul
Mohsin Abdullah Radi
Soil Science and Water Resources,
Agriculture College, Al-Muthanna University, Iraq.
*Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: A field experiment was
carried out in clay-textured soil during the agricultural season 2021-2022, at
Al-Muthanna Governorate, Al-Suwayr District - Albugrad region, longitude ´´5.
16 ´36°31, and a latitude '0'. 52 ´ 27 ° 45, to study the effect of biochar and
perlite on growth and yield of barley in clay soil. The experi-ment was carried
out according to a Randomized Block Design (RCBD) with two factors and three
replicates, the biochar factor treatments included four levels of biochar at
the level (0% B0, 0.5% B1, 1% B2, 1.5%
B3), while the treatments of the second factor perlite included four levels,
they are the addition of agricultural perlite at the level (0% P0, 0.5% P1, 1%
P2, 1.5% P3). Mixing biochar with agricultural perlite for all treatments with
soil to a depth of 30 cm. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar Iba 99 was
planted on 1/11/2021. Crop service operations were carried out from adding
chemical fertilizers, jungle control and irrigation until the end of the
experiment and harvest on 9/9/2022. The results showed the superiority of the
B3 biochar treatment (1.5% bi-ochar) in improving most of the physical and
chemical properties of the soil, plant height, number of branches and total
yield, the superiority of the B2 biochar treatment (1% biochar) in recording
the highest weight of 1000 grains, the treatment of perlite P1 (0.5% perlite)
was superior in recording the highest weight of 1000 grains, the superiority of
the B3P3 interaction treatment in recording the highest value of the number of
branches in the plant.
Keywords: Biochar, perlite, growth,
yield, barley, clay soil.
13. Effect
mineral fertilization and fertilizer application sites on the concentrations of
N, P and K nutrients in the vegetative and fruiting part and eggplant productivity
Amer Taha Khudhair* and Qahtan Jamal
Abdulrasool2
1Mesopotamia State Seed Company,
Ministry of Agriculture, Iraq.
2College of Agricultural
Engineering, Sciences-University of Baghdad, Iraq.
*Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: A field experiment was
carried out in one of the farms in the district of Al-Suwaira - Wasit
gover-norate for the 2021 agricultural season. To find out the effect of adding
levels of NPK and the sites of addition on their concentrations in the vegetative
and fruiting part and the productivity of the eggplant crop. The study included
three levels of NPK and were given the symbols (C0, C1, C2) and two places to
add fertilizer 10 and 20 cm next to the plant and they were given the symbols
D2, D1 sequentially. Six treatments were produced from the fertile levels and
the addition distances are C2D2,C2D1,C1D2,C1D1,C0D2,C0D1 with three
replica-tions, experimental units become 18 unit. Completely randomized block
design (RCBD) was used in the dis-tribution of treatments. The dry weight and
root diameters of the plant were taken and the NPK concentrations were
estimated in the vegetative part at the end of the season, as well as the NPK
concentrations in the fruiting part of the first and last fairies, and the cumulative
yield was taken. The results showed the significant effect of NPK levels on
nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations in the vegetative and fruiting parts,
while the effect was not significant on potassium concentration. The position
of the fertilizer application did not have a signifi-cant effect on the
concentration of NPK in the plant. The level of the second fertilization C2 had
a significant effect on the dry weight of the plant. Fertilization levels had a
significant effect on root diameter and yield.
Keywords: Mineral fertilization,
application, NPK, eggplant.
14. Screening of
serum antibody to symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with Hymenolepis nana
Shaimaa A. Shlash1, Huda A. Saleh2,
Fatima Radawi Almashhady3
1 Department of clinical laboratory sciences,
Faculty of Pharmacy, Kufa University, Iraq,
[email protected]
2 Department of clinical laboratory
sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kufa University, Iraq [email protected]
3 D Hilla University College,
Babylon, Iraq [email protected]
Abstruct: Hymenolepis nana is common
parasitic diseases world spread mostly in the children. The goal of the present
study; circulation anti-parasites antibody responses against H. nana in the
symptomatic and asymp-tomatic Al-Najaf province, children with assured
hymenolepiasis were examined. Symptomatic patients were specific used as
followed; existence of H.nana eggs in the feces with more of symptoms as
diarrhea, abdominal pain, losing weight, flatulency, appetite loss and nausea.
Been measured anti-parasite of the humoral immune response by used indirect
immunofluorescence (IFA) and ELISA. Where was noticed significantly disparity
in the anti-parasite antibody of response when measuring by IFA of the
asymptomatic and symptomatic of pa-tients where was more than 37% in
asymptomatic of patients have titer 1:500 or lower and more than 28% in
symptomatic of patients have titer of 1:8000 or higher. The circulation of
anti-parasite overall IgM and IgA when measuring by ELISA is significantly
higher of symptomatic than of asymptomatic in the patients, as re-garding to
upper egg production showed in the symptomatic peoples.
Keywords: Hymenolepis nana,
Cysticercoids, asymptomatic and symptomatic patients, Antibody response
15. Study of
some genetic and molecular markers for some rheumatoid arthritis patients in
Iraq.
Mushtaq Talib Al-Safi
Ministry of Education, General
Directorate of Education in Thi-Qar, Iraq
Tel: 07816196964; E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis is an
autoimmune disorder and genetic factors strongly contribute to a genetic
predisposition to developing the disease. This study was conducted to evaluate
the genetic and molecular indi-cators of some Iraqi patients with rheumatoid
arthritis. The study included (100) patients with rheumatoid ar-thritis with
(100) healthy individuals who attended Al-Hussain General Teaching Hospital,
Department of Ar-thritis and joints Centre, al Blood Bank in Baghdad for the
period from the beginning of January 2022 until the end of March 2022. The
patients were diagnosed under the supervision of medical committees specialized
in joint diseases. The human leukocyte antigen is one of the important genetic
factors in regulating the immune response, as these antigens contribute to the
susceptibility to disease. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II (Class-II-
HLA-DR, -DQ) was genotyped using lymphocytotoxicity assay and PCR-SSP method.
The results showed that there was a significant increase in the recurrence of
human leukocyte antigens (DR4 R53,) in rheumatoid arthritis patients compared
to the healthy ones, as well as an increase in the recurrence of human
leukocyte antigens (HLA-DQ3) with a significant difference in rheumatoid
arthritis patients compared to the healthy ones. Regarding HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1
alleles, it was found that there was a significant increase in the frequency of
HLA-DRB1*04 (01-22 not 0415) compared to healthy controls, while the percentage
of HLA-DRB1*0701 alleles was less frequent in patients compared to healthy
controls. Moreover, the frequency of HLA-DQB1*03(02,07) alleles was high in the
patients compared to the healthy ones, while HLA-DQB1*0303 showed a highly
significant difference in the healthy group compared to the patients.
Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis,
genetic factors, HLA-DRB1, -DQB1 alleles, PCR.
16. Relationship
between Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection and Vitamin D deficiency,
hemoglobin, dietary habits and other variables in kids aged (6-18) years:
across sectional study at an Iraqi children’s hospital
Mahmood Razzaq Mashar Askar1, Zainab
Waleed Jasim Al-Mashhadany2
1Imam AL-Kadhum College, Baghdad
2Laboratory Department- Children's
Hospital- kirkuk, Iraq
1 Imam AL-Kadhum College, Baghdad,
Iraq; [email protected]. ORCID
2 Laboratory Department- Children's
Hospital- kirkuk, Iraq ; [email protected] . ORCID
* Correspondence: ;
[email protected] .
Abstract: Background: Several
studies have shown a correlation between Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) and vitamin
D, but there is considerable disagreement. The goal of this study was to see if
there was a relationship between vitamin D3 deficiency on the one hand, dietary
habits on the other hand and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in kids
patients in a child hospital in Iraq.Methods: In 2022, in a child hospital in
Iraq, a cross-sectional study was done on 1600 patients. A structured
questionnaire used to collect information on socio-demographic and lifestyle
variables, and a short food frequency questionnaire used to determine dietary
patterns (FFQ). After a blood sample from the vein taken, the H. pylori status
(positive vs. negative) was identified. The stool and blood samples were all
collected and sent to the hematology, chemistry and parasitology lab for
examination. Logistical multivariable to determine the relationship between
socio-demographic, lifestyle, nutritional, and other factors, regression used.
With H.pylori infection, there are a number of health-related issues to
consider.Results: In this sample, the prevalence of H. pylori infection
reported to be 62.8%. The multivariable analysis revealed that the risk of H.
pylori infection was higher among those are not follow a healthy eating habits,
their parents not educated. As the study found that Vit.D3 deficiency increased
in the girls more than it is in the boys.Conclusions: H. pylori is associated
with socio-demographic and clinical factors. Considerations more research
needed to determine the impact of diet on H. pylori risk.
Keywords: Iraq, Vit.D3 deficiency,
dietary habits, hemoglobin, factor analysis, Helicobacter pylori infection,
kids.
17. Surface
assessment of CNC laser treated commercially pure Tita-nium and Ti 13 Zr 13 Nb
alloy
Azhar Imran Alawadi 1, and Aseel
Mohammed Al-Khafaji 2,*
1Department of Prosthetic dentistry,
College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq;
[email protected] .
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0560-444X
2Department of Prosthetic dentistry,
College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq;
[email protected] . https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7172-7026
*Correspondence: [email protected]
Abstract: This study was aimed for
evaluation of the surface changes of commercial pure Titanium disks (CP Ti) and
the Ti 13Nb 13 Zr (Alloy) with zigzag pattern of laser surface treatment. In
vitro, experimental study of CNC Laser treatment on the CP Ti and Alloy disks.
texturing the surfaces of CP Ti and Alloy disks via using CNC laser, then the
samples disks analyzed by usingsurface roughness, wettability and FESEM. the
FESEMreveal proper increase in the surface texturing and roughness on macro and
micro measures without crack formation or dramatic change of the core substance
of the CP Ti and Alloy disks. the CNC laser consid-ered an effective and
suitable method for surface texturing of CP Ti and Alloy for dental
implantology.
Keywords: Commercial pure Titanium;
Ti 13 Zr 13 Nb alloy; CNC Laser; Laser surface texturing; Dental implantand
surface roughness
18. Eight Cases
of Endoscopic Extraction for Migrated Tooth in Nasal Sinuses
Luay Hatem Jalil1*, Abdul Sattar M.
Segar2
"1 College of Dentristy,
Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq ; Luay.hjal[email protected]. ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5864-8238
2 College of Dentistry, Al-Farahidi
University, Baghdad, Iraq Sttarsegar47@yahoo.com . ORCID: https://orcid.org/
0000-0003-0931-7947
* Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.:
+964 770 289 4281
Abstract: A set of eight consecutive
cases of an intranasal tooth that was removed endoscopically over a pe-riod of
10 years will be used to characterize the clinical experience of the group as a
whole. Reviewing the medical records of eight patients who underwent endoscopic
intranasal tooth extraction at Baghdad medical city between the years 2010 and
2020 allowed for the performance of a retrospective study to be carried out.
Fol-lowing surgery, all patients had a smooth recovery and a full relief of
their presenting symptoms. 3 months to 10 years, 3 months of follow-up
(average, 6-year 3 months). A total 11 of extracted teeth were extra, and two
were ectopic permanent canines. In our experience, endoscopic extraction of an
intranasal tooth has good illu-mination, clear visibility, and precise
dissection. Endoscopic intranasal tooth extraction is well-lit, clear, and
exact. Endoscopic tooth extraction enables greater illumination, visualization,
and dissection. We recommend utilizing a rigid endoscope regularly to treat
intranasal teeth.
Key Words: Endoscopy; migrated
tooth; Extraction; Nasal sinus
19. Intestinal
parasites associated Covid-19 patients in Al-Diwaniyah Governorate
Salma A. Hjab Alsaaeidi1 and Ali B.
Mohsen Al-Waaly1
1Department of Biology, College of
Science, University of Al Qadisiyah, Iraq
* Correspondence: [email protected]
Abstract: The study included a
survey of intestinal parasites of patients infected with the emerging corona-virus,
COVID-19 in Al-Diwaniyah Governorate, from October 2021 to June 2022, aimed to
study the effect of Parasitic infection associated with Covid-19 patients in
Al-Qadisiyah Governorate, by examining 211 pa-tients with severe acute
respiratory syndrome (SARS-COVID-19), their infection was confirmed by Real
time PCR method in the laboratories of Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital. The
results show that the single parasitic infections were more common in COVID-19
patients, the rate of parasitic infection associated with corona disease was
more in cities than in the countryside, males were affected more than females,
the age group (31-50) was more susceptible to infection, the rates of infection
with parasitic species associated with Covid-19 patients varied, as a higher
level of infection was recorded with Entamoeba spp with 66.66%, dwarf tapeworm
H. nana by 16.66%, Giardia lamblia parasite G. lamblia by 10%, and finally
Ascaris lumbricoides by 8.33% and 10.33%.
Keywords: protozoa , helminths,
covid-19, SARS-COVID-19.
20. Synthesis,
Characterization and Evaluation the Biological Activity of Some New
Thiazolidine Derivatives Derived from Schiff bases
Hussam Z. Naji 1, Eman M .
Hussain2,*
1,2Department of Chemistry / College
of Education for Pure Science (Ibn-Al-Haitham)
University of Baghdad..
Available from: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7615-6998
*Corresponding
author:[email protected].
Abstract: In this research a new
compounds were synthesized via the reaction of dichloroacetic acid with two
moles of piperidine . The novel acid 1 was converted to its ester 2. Acid
hydrizide 3 was prepared by reaction of hydrazine hydrate with new ester 2
which was later used to prepare derivatives of Schiff bases 4-13, at the last
step Schiff bases and thioglycolic acid were reacted to give thiazolidine
derivatives 14-23. All of these com- pounds were diagnosed by using of melting
points , FTIR, 1HNMR and mass spectroscopy. Scheme 1 shown the all reaction
steps and the structure of the synthesis compounds..
Keywords: Thiazolidine ; Schiff
bases ; biological activity ; piperidine ; dichloroacetic acid .
21. Detection of
the Susceptibility Test ,Biofilm Formation and Efflux Pumps in Escherichia Coli
Isolated from Urinary Tract Infection
Zahraa M. Kareem 1,* and Qanat M.
Atiyea 2
"1 Ministry of Health, Al
Rasheed Health Center, Kirkuk Health Directorate, Kirkuk, Iraq.; e-mail:
[email protected]
2 Department of Biology, College of
Science, Tikrit University, Salahaddin, Iraq.; ORCID
* Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: Urinary tract
infection(UTI) are infectious diseases of the urinary system ,that are caused
by several causative agent ,including
parasites ,viruses ,fungi and bacteria . The most frequent cause of UTI
is the bacte-ria Escherichia coli (E.coli). Antibiotic resistance in E.coli has
been linked to overexpression of the efflux sys-tem. Our aim in This study was
to isolate various bacteria from UTI and then select E.coli isolates to study
the prevalence of the efflux pumps genes TetA and MdfA .This study included a
collection 150 midstream urine samples from patients suffering from UTI (115
females and 35 males) with age ranged between(5-70)years . The results showed
that only 100 samples exhibited bacterial growth , 72.5% referred to female
patients ,while 27.5% referred to male
patients. Infection with bacteria occurred most frequently in the age group of
21-30 years. Bacterial isolates were identified by macroscopic and microscopic
examination ,biochemical test and VITEK2 system ,the result showed that 40% of
these growth were confirmed to be E.coli,19% Klebsiella pneumonia,17%
Staph.aureus,13%Proteus mirabilis,7% Pseudomonas aeroginosa,2% Staph.saprophyticus,1%Proteus
vulgaris and 1%Enterobacter cloaca .The results of sensitivity to antibiotics
showed that UPEC isolates were
completely resistant to novobiocin and rifampin 100%,ampicillin 87.5%
,cefotaxime 85%, tetracycline82.5% , ciprofloxacin77.5% ,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
50% ,gentamicin 22.5% ,nitrofurantion 17.5% and meropenem 2.5%. All of the
isolates were multidrug resistance .the result biofilm-formation ability of
E.coli isolates showed that 31/40(77.5%) of isolates producing biofilm were
di-vided into three groups : 1 (2,5%) was strong biofilm formation ,4(10%) were
moderate and 26(65 %) were weak. The
phenotypic detection of the efflux pumps was observed in 100% of the bacterial
isolates at a con-centration of 0.5 mg/l of ethidium bromide(ETBR). The
prevalence of the TetA and MdfA efflux pumps genes were 72.5% each of them .The
gel electrophoresis showed that the molecular weight of TetA and MdfA genes
were 131bp and 403bp respectively.
Keywords: Efflux pumps, Urinary
Tract, Infection, Parasites, E-coli.
22. Association
of Osteoarthritis to Thyroid Dysfunction, and to Bodily and Demographic
Characteristics
Hussein Adnan Mohammed 1, and U.A.
Al-Sari 2,*
"1 Department of Internal
Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Wasit, Wasit, Iraq;
[email protected]. ORCID
2 Department of Internal Medicine,
College of Medicine, University of Wasit, Wasit, Iraq. ORCID
* Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a
commonly prevalent and chronically complicated condition, which affecting
different joints in the body of millions of patients, worldwide, leading to a
cumulative effect over time. Due to few global prospective studies, this study
investigated association of OA to bodily and demographic character-istics of
study population and to demonstrate the levels of thyroid hormones in OA
patients. Totally, 324 indi-viduals; 162 normal (GN), 111 doubtful to minimal
OA (GOA1) and 51 moderately to severe OA (GOA2) were subjected to this study
during September to December (2021). For bodily characteristics of study
popula-tion, the findings of age, height and gender showed that there were
insignificance between study groups, but not in weight and BMI. Regarding
demographic data, level of education, non-smoking and smoking, and
non-arthritis and arthritis population were associated almost insignificantly
to OA patient except for GOA2 pa-tients who showed a significant correlation to
OA when compared to GOA1 and GN. For chronic diseases, association was observed
insignificantly between GOA1, GOA2 and GN of 1 and 2 chronic diseases, and
between GOA1 and GN of 3 and 4 chronic diseases; however, significance was
recorded in values of GOA2 in comparison with values of GOA1 and GN. For
physical activity, significance was observed in values of low and high but not
in medium activities. Results of without and with walking aids were variable
significantly in particular in values of GOA2 when compared to GOA1 and GN.
Findings of TSH, T3 and T4 of GOA1, GOA2 and GN were correlated significantly.
Association of TSH to severity of OA was revealed an obvious significance in
values of crude, adjusted 1 and 2 models. In conclusion, this study appeared to
be the first Iraqi reports and furthermore studies are necessary due to significant
association between OA and thyroid hormones dysfunction.
Keywords: OA, T3, T4, TSH, Risk
factor, Iraq.
23. Evaluation
of antiarthritic activity of Capparis spinosa L. roots ex-tract in complete
freund’s adjuvant induced arthritis in mice
Rand J.A. Jalebawi 1,*, and Amer
Hakeem Chyad 2
"1 Department of Physiology,
Biochemistry and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of
Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq; [email protected] .
2 Department of Physiology,
Biochemistry and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of
Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq; [email protected].
* Correspondence:
[email protected]; Tel.: +964 780 458 0041
Abstract: This study aimed to
estimate ant-arthritic activity of Capparis spinosa L. roots extract in complete
Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis mice by assessment of paw thickness,
serological detection of in-flammatory markers [rheumatoid factor (RF) and
tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-)] using ELISA, and his-topathology. Totally,
30 male mice were selected, prepared, and divided equally to five groups
including 2 con-trol (NC and PC)and 3 experimental; EG1 (arthritis mice treated
full effective dose of extract), EG2(arthritis mice treated full effective dose
of Diclofenac Sodium), and EG3 (arthritis mice treated a half effective dose of
each the extract and Diclofenac). Clinically, the extract administration
lowered the paw thickness from day 7th onwards the 21st day of study; while,
the extract administration have lowered the paw thickness in EG1 from day 7th
onwards as compared to EG2 and EG3. For hematology, significant decreases were
reported in RBCs, HCT, Hb, WBCs and neutrophils due to arthritis, and
significant amelioration was seen obviously in mice of EG1 as a result of
therapy. Significant increases in values of platelets, lymphocytes and
monocytes were ob-served in PC and experimentally groups, with significant
improving for values of treated groups due to thera-py, in particular, EG1.
Values of MCV, MCH, MCHC, basophils and eosinophils of all study groups were
differed insignificantly. Concerning RF, highest significant value was reported
in PC while the lowest in NC, but without significance differences between
values of EG1, EG2 and EG3. For TNF-, elevation had record-ed in mice of PC;
whereas, reduction in NC, EG1 and EG3. Also, value of EG2 was significantly
higher than recorded in mice of EG1 and EG3. Concerning histology, the findings
of EG1 were revealed a significant amiolration when compared to other groups.
In conclussion, C. spinosa L. roots extract demonstrated anti-inflammatory and
anti-arthritic activity. Furthermore studies to detect therapeutic effects of
the roots extract on other systemic or local diseases are needed.
Keywords: Paw thickness; Rheumatoid
factor; Inflammatory markers; Diclofenac Sodium; Iraq
24. Association
Between Biofilm Formation by UPEC and Serum Level of Several Cytokines
Mustafa Kasid 1, Rawaa AlChalabi 2,*
and Faisal Harith 3
1 Department of Molecular and
Medical Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University,
Baghdad, Iraq; [email protected] .
2 Department of Molecular and
Medical Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University,
Baghdad, Iraq; [email protected].
3 Urology Department, Al-Yarmook
Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq
* Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: One hundred and
eighty-nine subjects from Baghdad enrolled in this study (110 female and 79
male) and gathered into two investigated groups; the first group consisted of
149 patients, and the second group consisted of 40 healthy individuals. Results
revealed after clinical laboratory diagnosis of urine samples 12 (8.1%) gave a
negative bacterial culture and 137 (91.9%) were positive culture while all urinesamples
of healthy control were negative. Gram staining and microscopic examination of
bacterial colonies showed that 11(8.03%) out of 137 isolates were identified as
Gram-positive bacteria, 126 (91.97%) isolates as Gram-negative bacteria. After
biochemical analysis and diagnosis by the Vitik system, the data demonstrated
that all UTIs cases were caused by a single infectious agent and UPEC
represented the most common bacterial agent, because of several virulence
factors responsible for its pathogensity.The testtube method and Congo red agar
mediumhave been used to detect biofilm formation. Results demonstrate that 129
(94.16 %) of bacterial isolates were producers while just 8 (5.84 %) were
non-producers. The results of the micro titer plate method revealed that the
isolates were categorized into four groups: Strong, moderate, weak, and
negative. 22 (63.5%) were strong biofilm producers, 28 (20.449%) moderate
producers, 14 (10.22%) weak producers, and 8 (5.84%) were unable to form
biofilm. Serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 were estimated by Sandwich ELISA,
which were significantly higher in patients with different types of UTIs than
the healthy group. This study was concluded that the UPEC represented the most
common prevalent agent of UTIs and more efficient biofilm producer bacteria.
The test tube method is the best qualitative, quick, and easy detection method
of bio-film formation, while the microtiter plate is the best quantitative and
sensitive method. Positive significant cor-relation was found between biofilm
formation and elevated serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines,which are
proportionally increased with advanced and sever UTIsspecially in old persons.
Keywords: UTIs; ELISA; IL-1β; IL-6;
IL-8; Iraq
25. In Vitro
Pathogenicity of Pseudomonas savastoni Isolated from Ol-ive Trees in Iraq on
Fruits of Various Plant Species and its Detec-tion by Polymerase Chain Reaction
(BCR)
Ghaith A. A. Al-obaidy1*, Ali I.
IlBas2, Safae A. H. AL-kawthary3
"1,2,3Department of plant
protection - Faculty of Agriculture - Erciyes University. Turkey.
* Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: In this study, after a
field survey of olive trees in some northern areas in the Kurdistan region of
Iraq and in the province of Dohuk, samples were collected for bacteria
Pseudomonas Savastonifrom olive trees infected with olive knot from. The period
from the beginning of March until the end of May, for the diagnosis of Pseudomonas Savastoni.
After activating the bacteria, we started inoculating the bacteria on the
fruits of other plants such as carrots, lemons, beans, local apples and hidden
apples. These fruits were subjected to the same environmental conditions of
humidity, temperature and incubation period. However, no symptoms of infection
of the fruits with this bacteria appeared, only the carrots were found to be
infected with this bacteria after 13 days of incubation, but after 20 days, the
bacteria had infected all the carrots. We isolated the bacteria again from the
infected carrot and performed all microscopic, phenotypic and biochemical
tests, and subjected the bacterial isolates to a device determined by using the
VITEK2 system to identify the type of bacteria. Of bacteria and we conducted
molecular tests on them, such as the test PCR and the test RT-PCR for the gene
16S r RNA, and after the results appeared, the isolates were subjected to
genetic sequencing to ensure the occurrence of genetic mutations of the gene
16S r RNA.
Keywords: Pseudomonas Savastoni, 16S
r RNA, RT-PCR, VITEK2, Sequencing
26. Effect of
perlite and nitrogen level on potassium availability and absorption in soil,
growth and yield of wheat plant
Sinaa Sattar Jabbar* and Hanoon Nahi
Kadhem
Soil Science and Water Resources,
Agriculture College, Al-Muthanna University, Iraq.
* Correspondence: [email protected]
Abstract: This study was conducted
at Al Majd area in Al Muthanna Governorate (Away from the city center about 5
km to the north), to study the effect of perlite and nitrogen level on
potassium availability and absorp-tion in soil, growth and yield of wheat
plant, during the agricultural season 2022-2021. A factorial field ex-periment,
according to a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates.
The experiment included two factors, the first factor is the addition of
perlite with three levels (0, 1.5 and 3)% symbolized by B0, B1 and B2
respectively, while the second factor is nitrogen at five levels (0, 50, 100,
150 and 200) kg N ha-1 has the symbol N0, N1, N2, N3 and N4 respectively. The
land was divided into plots, included 45 ex-perimental units in three blocks,
the area of the experimental unit (2 × 2) m2 The experimental unit included 8
lines with a length of 2 m, the distance between one line and another was 20
cm, leave a distance of 75 cm be-tween one replicate and another. The seeds of
wheat (Bohooth 22 cultivar) were sown on 11/11/2021. The re-sults indicated the
significant effect of adding perlite at a level of 3% by volume to the soil in
increasing the ready potassium in the soil when adding the first and second
batch of nitrogen and harvesting, the addition of perlite at a level of 3% by
volume of the soil affected the growth characteristics of the plant, including
the bio-logical yield, grain yield, potassium concentration in the plant, and the
absorbed amount of potassium in the plant, nitrogen fertilizer to the soil at a
level of (150 and 200) kg N ha-1 had a significant effect on the increase of
ready potassium in the soil in the first and second batch of adding fertilizer.
Keywords: Perlite, nitrogen,
potassium availability and absorption, soil, growth, yield, wheat plant.
27. The
correlation between serum TIM-3 and TIM-3 gene expression in sample of Multiple
Sclerosis Iraqi patients
Fadel Shaker Hammood1*and Bushra
Jasim Mohammed2
2Institute of Genetic Engineering
and Biotechnology for Post Graduate Studies,University of Baghdad ,Iraq, [email protected]
2Institute of Genetic Engineering
and Biotechnology for Post Graduate Studies,University of Baghdad ,Iraq
Corresponding authors: [email protected]
,
Abstract: Background. Multiple
sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS)
caused by auto- reactive T cells against myelin antigens. T-cell immunoglobulin
mucin -3 (TIM-3) is a negative regulator glycoprotein expressed by a range of
immune cells, A defect in TIM-3 regulation has been shown in multiple sclerosis
patients. This study was planned to investigatethe correlation between serum
TIM-3 and TIM-3 gene expression in sample of Multiple Sclerosis Iraqi patients.
Material and methods: Three ml of blood samples was collected from fifty Iraqi
patents suffered from Multiple Sclerosis (men and women) with age ranged between 20-57 years,
and 50 apparently healthy volunteers as a control group; 0.25ml of blood put in
Trizol tube for RNA extraction, subsequently
to estimate TIM-3 gene expression
by one step RT-qPCR, and 2.75 ml of blood
placed in to gel tube for
determination TIM-3 serum level by enzyme Linked immunosorbent assay
(ELISA) , the Statistical analysis was done by using program of Statistical
Analysis System (SAS). Results: There was significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in
TIM-3 gene expression for patients (5.30 fold) when compared with control (7.86 fold).Moreover
the result demonstrated a high significant elevated (P ≤ 0.01) in TIM-3 serum
level of patients (0.398 pg/ml) as compared to control (3.17 pg/ml.
Furthermore, the findings showed acquire strong positive association between
TIM-3 serum level and TIM-3 mRNA expression with significant differences.
Conclusion: The current study concluded that the TIM-3 gene expression and TIM-3 serum level were high in MS
patients, and there was a direct positive relationship between TIM-3 gene
expression and TIM-3 serum level .
Keywords: MS, TIM-3, ,
RT-qPCR.,ELISA
28. Effect of
adding different levels of Artichoke (Cynara scolymus) aqueous extract to Tris extender on the
Motility, Viability and some characteristics of rams semen stored at 5 °C
Zina Rashid Khirija AL-Badri1,* and
Husam Jasim Hussein Banana2
1University of Baghdad, College of
Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Department of Animal Production;
[email protected]
2 University of Baghdad, College of
Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Department of Animal Production
* Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: This study was conducted
to show the effect of the aqueous extract of the leaves of Artichoke ( Cynara scolymus L.) to Tris extender and its
effect on the semen traits of Awassi rams after preservation at a cooling of 5°
C for different periods (0, 24, 48 and 72 hours). This study was conducted in
the animal field and laboratories of the Department of Animal Production ,
College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Uni-versity of Baghdad in
Jadiriyah from November 15, 2021 to April 25, 2022. Three local Awassi rams
were used in this experiment, their ages ranged from 2.5-3.0 years. The semen
was collected from them by artificial vagina by one ejaculation/ram/week, for a
period of 8 weeks. The semen of rams has been mixed in order to eliminate
individual differences. The following tests were conducted in order to evaluate
the semen characteris-tics for each individual motility, the percentage of
viability sperm, total abnormalities, the integrity of the plas-ma membrane and
the integrity of the acrosome .The results of the current study showed that the
of addition aqueous extract of the leaves of the artichoke plant (Cynara
scolymus L.) led to an improvement in most of the studied traits when stored in
preservation. The results indicated a highly significant (P<0.01) for the
treatments T1, T2 and T4, which amounted to (87.00 ± 1.86, 85.50 ± 2.02 and
86.87 ± 0.78%) compared to the control group (C), which amounted to (77.25 ±
2.11%), While the previous treatments did not differ significantly with
treatment T3, which amounted to (81.87 ± 2.94%) in the percentage of live sperm
during the 0 hour preserva-tion period. While the results indicated that there
were no significant differences between treatments T1, T2, T3 and T4 compared
to the control treatment and for all periods (0, 24, 48 and 72 hours) in the
individual motility of the sperm. As for measuring the biochemical traits of
seminal plasma, The results of AST and ALT en-zymes indicated that there was no
significant increase between treatments during one period, while an arithme-tic
superiority occurred after 72 hours of preservation for treatments T1, T2, T3
and T4 compared with the 0 hour preservation period. It is concluded from the
current study that adding aqueous extract of (Cynara Scolymus) artichoke leaves
to Tris extender improved the semen quality of Awassi rams after preservation.
Keywords: Ram, Semen, Antioxidants,
Cooling , artichoke , Cynara scolymus
29. Effect of
Adding Levels of Palm Fronds Compost and Mineral Fertilizer on Fertile Soil
Characteristics, Quality, and Produc-tivity of Maize Yield (Zea mays L.)
Abeer Mounir Abdel Hadi 1 and Bushra Mahmoud Alwan 2
1 Agricultural Research Department -
Ministry of Agriculture
2 College of Agricultural
Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad
*Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: An experiment was carried
out in one of the fields of the Soil Research Department - Agricultural
Research Department/Ministry of Agriculture in the Abu Ghraib district at
latitude 33° 17" 31 N and longitude 44° 03" 56 E and 35 m above sea
level. This field study was conducted in the autumn season 2021-2022 for the
cultivation of yellow maize ( Maha cultivar) in sedimen-tary soil with silty
clay loam texture, with a Split Plot Design. The treatments were distributed
using the RCBD for three replicates with two factors. The first factor
represents the main plots that include the addition of mineral fertilizer 120,
80, 320 kg.ha-1 for each of (N, P, and K), re-spectively at three levels (0,
50, and 100%) of the fertilizer recommendation. On the other hand, the second
factor was a subplot of organic fertilizer (palm fronds compost) at three
levels (0, 5, and 10) μg.ha-1. Soil samples were taken to estimate the
availability of nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium, where the total yield and
percentage of protein for yellow maize were estimat-ed. The results showed that
the addition of organic fertilizers (palm fronds) with the levels of mineral
fertilizers achieved an increase in the availability of nutrients and the yield
of maize. Accordingly, the treatment O2M2 achieved the highest values of
nutrient availability, quantity, and quality of yield, reaching (59.167,
33.407, and 257.967) mg.kg-1 soil and (10,096) μg.ha-1 and (9.435%) for each of
nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, yield, and protein percentage, respec-tively.
Moreover, there were no significant differences between the treatments of O1M2
and O2M1 in the amount of yield and the percentage of protein, which gave the
values of 8.403 and 8.134 μg.ha-1 respectively, and the protein percentage of
8.630 and 8.915% respectively. It can be concluded that organic fertilizers can
be added to compensate for mineral fertilizers and reduce environmental
pollution and reduce the economic cost and soil preservation because organic
fertilizers are considered safe and environmentally friendly.
Key word: Maize, Fertile Soil, Palm
Fronds
30. Effect of
adding vermicompost, ammonium sulfate and ferti-lizer batches on the absorbed
amounts of some nutrients and the yield and quality of summer squash
Murooj Nabeel Azeez 1, Bushra Mahmoud Alwan 2
"1Ministry of Agriculture. Iraq
2College of Agricultural Engineering
Sciences - University of Baghdad
Corespondeing anther email:
[email protected]
Abstract: A field experiment was
conducted at one of the research stations of the College of Ag-ricultural
Engineering Sciences / University of Baghdad in Al-Jadiriyah region for autumn
sea-son 2021, located within latitude 33.27 north and longitude 44.39 east in
Silty Loam soil with a split -split plot design with three replicates. To study
the effect of adding vermicompost and ammonium sulfate fertilizers and batches
on the yield and quality of summer squash, nitrogen fertilizer was added at
three levels (100%, 0, 50%) from the fertilizer recommendation (0, 80, 160) kg
N ha-1 (N0, N1, N2). ) respectively, using ammonium sulfate fertilizer
containing (21% N) and organic fertilizer (vermicompost) were added at three
levels (0, 5, 10) Mg ha-1 (V0, V1, V2) re-spectively, fertilizers were added in
two batches after (10, 20) days of planting and three batches after (10,20 and
40) days of planting. The first batch was added after 10 days of planting. The
concentration (N and P) in the fruits were measured, the amount of the total
yield, the percent-age of protein and the percentage of total soluble solids
(TSS) and fruit hardness. The results showed the significant effect of adding
vermicompost and ammonium sulfate fertilizers, the number of batches on the
amount of nitrogen and phosphorous absorbed in the fruits, the total yield, the
percentage of protein in the fruits, the percentage of total soluble solids
(TSS) and the hardness of the fruits.The treatment P2V2N1 excelled and gave the
highest amount of nitrogen absorbed in the fruits was 1995 kg N ha-1 and
phosphorous absorbed in the fruits amounted to 172.10 kg P ha-1 and the highest
total yield reached 21.53 Mg ha-1 and
the percentage of protein in the fruits amounted to 36.63% and the percentage
of total soluble solids TSS amounted to 4.90% and the hardness of the fruits
amounted to 10.27 B. From this, we conclude that by adding nitrogen fertilizer
at the first level (N1) (80 kg N ha-1) and organic fertilizer (V2) (10 Mg ha-1)
and in two batches (P2) we got the highest yield and the highest qualitative
traits of hardness, pro-tein percentage and TSS . Thus, we conclude that the
organic fertilizer improved the qualitative traits and gave the highest yield
and compensated for a part of the mineral fertilizer, as well as that the
organic fertilizer has a role in raising the absorption efficiency of (N and
P).
Keyword: vermicompost fertilizer,
ammonium sulfate fertilizer, summer squash.
31. Biological
control of the fungi causing root rot disease of Egg-plant plants
Rami Abdul Rahman Abdullah and Ahed Abd Ali
Hadi Matloob*
Al-Mussaib Technical College,
University of Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical, 51009, Babylon, Iraq.
*Corresponding author: :
[email protected]
Abstract:The study aimed to identify
some causes of eggplant root rot disease after isolation and diagnosis in some
areas of Babylon Governorate and to evaluate the efficiency of the biological
fungus Trichoderma harzianum and extract of some plants in control the
pathogens of eggplant seedling death disease. The results of the field survey
that was conducted in the fields of egg-plant plants in the province of Babylon
showed the presence of the root rot of the eggplant in all areas covered by the
field survey. Several types of fungi were isolated and identified from the
roots of eggplant plants infected with root rot disease. The most frequent
pathogenic fungi was Fusarium solani, followed by Rhizoctonia solani, then
Macrophomina phaseolina. The results showed that all tested fungi isolates were
pathogenic and caused a significant reduction in the percentage of germination
of cabbage and eggplant seeds. The results of the pot experiment showed that
all the treatments that included the biological factor and aqueous Acacia
extract had a significant effect in reducing the growth of pathogenic fungi,
especially when the treatments were combined together, as measured by the
percentage of infection and the severity of infec-tion in the treatment of
pathogenic fungi F. solani, R. solani and M. phaseolina, Alone, the infec-tion
rate was 100.00%, and the severity of the infection was 76.67, 70.00 and
66.67%, respectively. The treatment of integration between the biological
factor T. harzianum and the aqueous extract of Acacia achieved high superiority
in reducing the infection rate, as it ranged between 11.11-24.33% and the
severity of infection 4.44-15.00%.
Keyword: Plant extracts , Eggplant,
fungi, root rot, Trichoderma harzianum..
32. Effect of
oily extracts on chemical parameters of frozen-stored beef Berker
Rana Qassim Mahood Issa 1 and Batoul
A.A. Abdulrahem 1
"1 Department of Food
Sciences/College of Agricultural Engineering/University of Baghdad/Baghdad/Iraq
Corespondeing email:
[email protected]
Abstract: In this study, the oil
extracts of Swiss chard and watercress were prepared and the active substances
were detected by qualitative and quantitative detection using the
chromatog-raphy mass spectrometry-GC\MS technique, calculating the percentage
of its yield, then intro-ducing the oil extracts into the preparation of bovine
birch, and studying the effect of these ex-tracts on chemical indicators such
as the number of peroxide PV. And thiobarbituric acid (TBA), total volatile
nitrogen (TVN) and free fatty acids (FFA) during the storage period (0,15,30).
It was noted that the oily extract of chard and watercress contained tannins,
carbohydrates, phenols, resins, flavonoids, saponins and alkaloids, but did not
contain glycosides, between compounds, coumarins, and extracts such as 18. With
a number of active compounds in it, it was noted that the chemical indicators
recorded PV (2.26,1.96)% mEq/kg fat and TBA( 0.43, 0.38)% mg Malone Aldehyde/kg
meat TVN (2.46,2.38)% mg N/100 gm meat and FFA( 0.18, 0.17)% in beef burger to
which the oil extract was added, which increased slightly and not significantly
with increasing storage period and up to a period of 30 days, which led to
change The chemical properties com-pared to the control sample.
Key word: volatile nitrogen, free
fatty acids, thiobarbituric acid
33. Matrix Metalloproteinase-20
immunolocalization in rat first molar tooth development after treatment with
amoxicillin
Tabarak Sabah , Nada M.H. AL-Ghaban
Oral Diagnosis Department, College
of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Iraq
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract: Objective: Amoxicillin is
one of the most commonly prescribed antibiotics in children. It is therefore
administered as the first choice of antibiotics for respiratory,
gastrointestinal, neuronal, and skin infections. The objective of this study
was to determine whether if amoxicil-lin use affects the formation of dentin
and enamel during the secretion and early phases of min-eralization .Materials
and Methods: Sixteen pregnant adult Wistar rats were equally divided into two
groups. The first group that do not received drug and prescribed with a saline
solution (control group), the other group received 250 mg/kg/day amoxicillin
(study group). The treat-ments were daily administered by oral gavage from the
13th gestation day to the end of gesta-tion. After birth, the newborn were also
received the same treatment as their mothers from first day of birth until 7 or
12 day after birth. The newborns will be
sacrificed at 7 and 12 days post-natally, the jaws will be dissected, and
taking the maxilla ,were the samples fixed in 10% for-maldehyde solution and
the upper first molars were analyzed immunostaining with MMP-20 on day7 and 12
were performed .Results: Significant difference in positive expression of
ameloblast for MMP20 antibody between groups was observed at 7 days (P = 0.014)
and not significant dif-ference at 12 day (P = 0.347).And not significant
difference for positive expression of odontoblast for MMP20 antibody between
groups in both duration were observed at 7 days (P = 0.178) and not significant
difference at 12 day (P = 0.143) and highly strong expression in enamel matrix
during early mineralization stage in control group and strong expression in
study group.Conclusion: The current findings indicate that amoxicillin effect
the expression of MMP20 during the secretory stage by decrease the expression
of MMP20 in ameloblast and expression of MMP20 decrease in cells during early
mineralization stage in both groups in different rate.
Keywords: Amoxicillin, Enamel,
Immunostaining, MMP20, ameloblast
34. A
comparative study of the effect of nanoparticles and antibiotics on the
antimicrobial susceptibility of antibiotics for some bacteria isolated from
wounds and burns infections.
Yusra A. Radeef1, Anmar Mahdi Kadhum
AL-Maamori2
1,2Department of Biology, College of
Science, Babylon University, Babylon,
Iraq.
Corresponding author: [email protected]
ABSTRACT: This study aim to
investigate isolation and identification
of potential bacteria present in
burns and wounds infections, the total
number of 100 pus types were taken from
many patients who was existing in the hospital of Babylon province through period from November 2021 to February
2022; the positive culture were 80% of total
isolates while the negative culture were 20% of total isolates. After we were done on them
macroscopic, microscopic and biochemical test, the bacteria isolated from burn
and wound swabs. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of the isolates was done
using disc diffusion method in conformity with McFarland standards. MDR of
different types of antibiotics was exhibited from bacteria isolated in actual
research. Statistical analysis using
chi-square test The central objective of this research is to use different
concentration of Zinc oxide nanoparticles to obtain the optimum concentration
that is anti- bacterial. Male constituted (37.5%) and female were (62.5%), with
different ages ranging from 5 to 55 years. The high percentage was in age less
than ten years old, while the less percentage was in age between (50_60) years
old, and were Gram negative bacteria were most common, the concentration of
Zinc oxide nanoparticles including 100
μg/ml. and 150 μg/ml which effecting to growth of gram positive and gram
negative by measuring diameter of inhibition zone on growth culture that
artificial to Gram positive and Gram-negative bacteria throughout measuring
inhibition zone around the wells. We observed the diameter of inhibition zone
increased in concentration (150) μg/ml
more than concentration (100) μg/ml. The results of actual study
showed women compared to males of
positive growth and the ages. Multi Drug
Resistance bacteria. Zinc oxide
nanoparticles has important applications as it is an anti _bacterial and works as an effective dressing for burns
and wounds.
Keywords: Gram positive Bacteria, Gram negative bacteria, Wounds, Burns,
Antimicrobial sensitivity, Multi Drug
Resistant, nanoparticles.
35. Evaluation
of some Mechanical Properties of Room Temperature Maxillofacial Silicone after
addition of Nano Barium Titanate
Aseel F. Kumail 1 and Thekra I.
Hamad1
1 Department, College of Dentistry/
University of Baghdad, Iraq
* Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: Background: Because facial
prostheses are used to replace a missing piece of the face, they must be made
of a material that is comparable to the soft tissues and skin in the
surrounding area. Investigations have revealed that the maxillofacial silicone
elastomer is often used for this purpose due to its biocompatibility, ca-pacity
to be easily colored by intrinsic or extrinsic coloration, and good elasticity.
Aim of this study: The goal of this investigation aimed to evaluate the effect of addition
of Barium titanate (BaTiO3) Nano fillers
in different percentages on some mechanical properties of VST-50 room
temperature vulcanized maxillofacial sil-icone. Methods: The Nano BaTiO3 was
introduced to the VST-50 RTV maxillofacial silicone in percentages of 1% and 2%
by weight, and the samples were tested for tensile strength (ISO 37: 2017),
percentage of elon-gation (ISO 37: 2017), and tear strength (ISO 34-1: 2015).
The BaTiO3 Nanofillers dispersion in VST-50 sil-icone elastomer investigated by
FE-SEM and EDS. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the
data. The changing significance was tested using a one-way ANOVA test.
Results: FE-SEM imaging was used to
determine the dispersion of the nanoparticles inside the silicone matrix, which
exhibited a well-dispersed with some agglomeration as the filler fraction rose,
The incorporation of BaTiO3 nanoparticles in the polymer matrix is supported by
the EDS test. When compared to the control group, the 1% and 2 % groups showed
substantial increases in tensile strength, percentage of elongation and
non-significant difference between 1% and 2% groups, and 2% more increase in
tear strength than 1% groups. Conclusion:
Reinforc-ing VST-50 maxillofacial silicone with 1 % and 2% percentages
of Nano BaTiO3 improved several of the room temperature vulcanized silicone's
mechanical qualities.
Keywords: Room Temperature
Maxillofacial Silicone, Nano Barium Titanate, tumor
36. IFN-Gamma,
IL-10, procalcitonin and CRP as predictors of dis-ease severity in COVID-19
patients
Alaa Hussain Hassan 1, Janan M
Al-Akeedi 2, . thekra ahmed Hamada 3 ,
Suhair Shatti Saleh 4
1Medical Laboratory Techniques /
Al-Farabi University College / Baghdad / Iraq
2Medical Laboratory Techniques /
Al-Farabi University College / Baghdad / Iraq
3,4 Department of
microbiology/college of medecin /Tikrit university
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract: Inflammatory reactions are
important in the progression COVID19 and inflammatory cytokine storm leave
COVID19 more severe. The goal of this study was to determine the influence and concentrations
of procalcitonin, IL-10, IFN, and CRP in COVID19 infested per-sons. Recently
diagnosed COVID-19 individuals were found to have a higher risk of developing
COVID-19, with the highest mean levels of procalcitonin compared to healthy
controls (88.18±4.62 vs. 24.51±3.28 pg/ml) (P:<0.05). The examine
additionally confirmed that newly rec-ognized COVID-19 sufferers had
appreciably better degrees of IL-10 in comparison to healthful controls
(43.5±5.seventy four vs 27.6±4.23 pg/ml). The study decided that IFN-Gamma
stages have been substantially expanded in newly inflamed COVID-19 sufferers as
in comparison with wholesome controls (38.32 ± 5.forty three vs. 22.41 ± 4.31
pg/ml), (P: < 0.05). The research tested that the extent of CRP turned into
multiplied substantially in sufferers with new contamination of COVID-19 in
comparison with wholesome control (63.4±8.22 v.s.8.17±2.33 mg/dl) (P:<0.05).
Within the first week of contamination, the researchers discovered a distinct
link between pro-calcitonin, IL-10, IFN gamma, and CRP and COVID-19 disorder.
Keyword: COVID-19; procalcitonin;
IL-10; IFN gamma; CRP
37. Evaluation
of pollution with some heavy metals for soils and plants of agricultural
Locations in Basrah province
Salwa J. Fakher 1 , Riyadh S. Bedeeh
2
1Soil Science and Water Resources
,College of Agriculture, University of Basrah,
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8137-5784
2Soil Science and Water Resources,
College of Agriculture , University of Sumer
corresponding Email:
[email protected]
Abstract: To Evaluation the state of Pollution with heavy metals (Zn,
Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb), ten Locations with different chemical and physical properties
were selected from the agricultural Locations of Basrah province: 1/Al-Qurna,
2/Al-Madina, 3/Al-Dair, 4/Al-Haritha, and 5/Karmat Ali (University). ), 6/
Al-Tanuma, 7/ Abu Al-Khasib, 8/ Al-Siba, 9/ Al-Faw and 10/ Al-Zubayr
(Al-Burjisiya station) and a site was chosen for comparison, where soil samples
were collected from agricultural Locations close to the source of pollution,
while plant samples were collected from near
and far from the source Pollution and the necessary analyzes were Carried
out for the study. The re-sults
showed an increase in the concentration of total heavy metals in the soils of
most of the study Locations and they were polluted compared to the comparison
treatment, and the soils of most agricultural Locations exceeded the
internationally permissible limits. The results indicated that the total
average concentration of lead, nickel, copper, chromi-um and zinc in the
Hartha area (the fourth site) was
615.88, 165.55, 390.40, 48.45, 465.83 mg kg-1 soil sequentially, which is
higher compared to the average concentration in other agricultural sites, as
well as the concentrations of heavy metals increased ( Pb , Ni , Cu , Cr , Zn ) in plants grown in
locations close from the source of
pollution, and the concen-trations of these elements decreased in plants far
from the source of pollution. It is noted that the pollution factor (CF) values
of Pb and Zn in all study Locations ranged from moderate contamination to very
high contamination
Keywords: PLI , pollution Factor
(CF), oil installations, soil pollution, plant pollution
38. Hemodynamic
changes following injection of local anesthesia with vasoconstrictor agent in
controlled hypertensive patients
Noor Alhuda Majid Muhsin 1, Saif
Saadedeen Abdulrazaq 2 *
1 Affiliation 1; Master student,
Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, College of Dentistry, University
of Baghdad, Iraq.
2 assistant Professor, Department of
oral and maxillofacial surgery, College of Dentistry, University of Bagh-dad,
Iraq.
* Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: Background: Local
anesthesia considered as the most drug used in dentistry, vasocon-strictors are
added to its composition to maximize its advantages, but it considered as
tourniquet and act on beta 1 and 2 receptors, this cause augmentation of heart
rate and blood pressure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety
of vasoconstrictors during simple tooth extrac-tion in controlled hypertensive
patients by monitoring the changes in blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen
saturation; Methods: A prospective clinical study carried out in control group
(normotensive patients n=60) and study group (hypertensive patients) (n=60).
The following hemodynamic parameters (blood pressure [diastolic and systolic],
heart rate and oxygen satura-tion) were monitored at four different time points
(before infiltration of local anesthesia (R1), after 3 minutes of local
anesthesia (R2), immediately after extraction (R3) and 25 minutes after local
anesthesia infiltration (R4). One carpule of local anesthesia for each patient
was provided in the form of lidocaine 2% with adrenaline as vasoconstrictor
1/100,000; Results: Mean heart rate increased from one to four beats per minute
in all groups, but the increment was lesser in hy-pertensive group. The
increased of systolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients during (R2,R3 and
R4) was significantly lower than normotensive group (p<0.001). The diastolic
blood pressure reading fell in hypertensive group more than normotensive group
during (R2,R3 and R4), no changes in oxygen saturation were recorded between
both groups; Conclusions: no ad-verse effect in well controlled hypertensive
patients were seen during simple tooth extraction, one carpule of local
anesthesia with 1\100,000 adrenaline not induce augmentation of blood pressure
in hypertension patients included in this study. The changes in heart rate were
within the safe limits.
Keywords: local anesthesia,
adrenaline, vasoconstrictors, hypertensive patients, hemodynamic changes.
39. Preservatives
in ophthalmic formulations and the urgent need for preservative free
formulation
Ahed Raad Hameed1, Athmar DH. H.
Al-Shohani1,*
1
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Phamacy, Mustansiriyah
University, Baghdad,10001,Iraq.
*
Corresponding author E-mail address: at[email protected] ,
[email protected].
Abstract: Topical treatment of
ocular diseases is mainly through the use of eye drops. One of the short
outcomes of eye drops is the use of preservatives, particularly for chronic
diseases such as glaucoma and dry eye syndrome. Preservatives are chemical
compounds that must be incorporated into an eye drop to preserve sterility
during storage and use. Their chronic use may cause side effects to the eye
such as irritation, allergy, tear film instability, conjunctival inflammation,
sub conjunctival fibrosis and corneal surface impairment. Ophthalmologists and
formulation scientists are moving towards preservative free formulations.
Strategies to manufacture preservative free formulation are either through
changing container type of formulate or converting into the solid dosage form.
Preservative free formulations were superior over traditional eye drops by
minimizing side effects experienced by the patient.
Keywords: preservative free
formulation, chemical substance, growth
40. The role of
vitamin D3 in oligospermia in Iraqi patients
Wajeeh jabbar Dagher1, Shifaa
J.Ibrahim2 , Ammar Mohamed Qasem3
1 Department of biochemistry/
College of medicine/ University of Baghdad/Iraq
2 Department of Biochemistry/ College
of Medicine/ University of Baghdad/Iraq
3 Kamal AL-samurai Hospital
Fertility center ,Infertility Treatment and IVF
*Corresponding author:
[email protected]
Abstract: Vitamin D is a steroid
hormone 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (Vitamin D (25(OH)D; vit D), al-so called
calciferol, it is one of the four fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) stored
in body tissues. vitamin D is the only vitamin that can be synthesized by the
human body in the skin when exposed to sunlight, namely the ultraviolet B
radiation (UVB) other sources of vitamin D include dietary supplements and food
.Vitamin D regulates hormone production and receptor expression in theca and
granulosa cells of developing follicles, this in turn affects follicle
recruitment and maturation .Vitamin D alters sperm motility and metabolism, and also impacts on
the ability of sperm to undergo the acrosome reaction and consequently the
ability to fertilize ovum .According to
the World Health Organization, infertility is a disease of the reproductive
system defined by a failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or
more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. Aim of study: Is to study the
level of vitamin D3, FSH,LH, Prolactin ,
Testosterone ,calcium and phosphorus in the blood of patients complaining of
infertility, either due to decrease in sperm count or decrease in motility and
viability of the sperm. The results compare with the same results of normal
fertile subjects. Subject, materials and methods: The subject will include 90
patients suffering from infertility due to oligospermia . These patients will
be collected from Kamal Al-samurai hospital and Fatima AL-zahraa for women . In
the same times, 30 normal fertile persons have been taken for comparison with patient
group. Each subjects of both groups has been undergone the following
examination:-a- Microscopical examination of seminal fluid. b-Estimate the
level of vitamin D3 in blood. c- Estimate the level of FSH,LH,PRL and
Testosterone hormones. d-Estimate serum level of calcium and phosphorous.
Results :The total number of study participants was 120. They were divided into
two main groups: Case group included 90 patients suffering from infertility due
to oligospermia which subdivided into mild, moderate, and severe groups
including 30 patients in each one and control group includ-ed 30 fertile
participants. Conclusion :in this study ,we found the Mean ± SD vitamin D level
were signifi-cantly lower in patient
compared with the control as well as
Serum levels of FSH, LH and testosterone sig-nificantly lower in patient group while Serum prolactin
is significantly higher in patient group. we also found Serum calcium was
significantly lower; while of serum phosphorus was significantly higher in case
group than that in controls.
Keyword: Interleukin 17A ,
Interleukin 18 , ELISA, Active TB, Latent TB.
41. The effect
of enzymatic tempering of wheat on the extraction rate and the quality of the
resulting flour
Entisar Turky Attia1, and Alaa Aaid
Obaid2
Department of Biology, College of
Science, Mosul University, Iraq.
*Corresponding author:
[email protected] , [email protected]
Abstract: Enzymes are widely used as
flour aids to improve properties of flour, but their optimum use and
application at tempering stage was limited. This method is an excellent tool to
ensure a good distribution of the enzymes in the resulting flour, to control
dosage during milling, and to obtain flour of specific characteristics
according to their final use. Therefore, the effect of enzymatic tempering on
flour yield and quality of the
re-sulting flour was investigated in the present study, where different
concentrations of cellulase enzyme were used at (24, 60, 96) units / 100 gm of
wheat, and the concentration 60 units / 100 gm of wheat gave the best results ,
The results of the statistical analysis witnessed a significant increase in the
extraction rate (Flour yield) , which amounted to 74.6% for the enzymatic
conditioning, compared to the control treatment, which was 70%, and a
significant decrease in the percentage of fibers with an increase in the
concentration of the enzyme, so it reached 0.78% for the enzymatic conditioning
compared with the control treatment, which was 1.44%., And an insignificant
increase in the proportion of ash and protein and carbohydrates, and the degree
of flour color was not affected by the increase in the concentration of the
enzyme .
Keyword: Enzymatic tempering •
extraction rate (Flour yield) • Flour quality •
42. Effect of
bio-fertilizer and spraying of
nano-fertilizer and gibber-ellin on the chemical traits of Aloe vera L.
Zahraa Hadi Musaibeh Al-Maamouri1 ,
Ibrahim Mordhi Radhi2
"1,2Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical
University, Al-Mussaib Technical College, 51001, Iraq.
*Corresponding author:
[email protected]
Abstract: A factorial experiment
with three replications was conducted according to a randomized complete block
design (RCBD) to study the effect of bio fertilization at three levels (0,
Azotobacter, Mycorrhizae) and spraying with nano fertilizer (Nano Iron) (0,
1500, 3000) mg L-1 and gibberellin GA3 (0, 150) (300) mg L-1 in the chemical
traits of Aloe vera L.) in lathhouse of the Department of Plant Production
Techniques / Al-Musayyib Technical College / Middle Euphrates University during
the 2021-2022 agricultural season. Af-ter the experiment ended, the results
were:The treatments of the addition of azotobacter and spraying with nano iron
concentration of 3000 mg L and gibberellin concentration of 300 mg L-1 were
significantly superior in all studied traits. It was also caused by the
bi-interaction (Mycorrhizal + Nano iron 3000 mg L-1), (Mycorrhizal +
gibberellin 300 mg L-1) and (Mycorrhizal iron 3000 mg L-1 + Gibberellin 300 mg
L-1) and the triple interac-tion between the study factors (Mycorrhizalgia). +
Nano iron 3000 mg L-1 + gibberellin 300 mg L-1) a signif-icant increase in most
of the studied traits
Keyword: Rheumatoid arthritis,
Tripartite motif-containing protein 72, Disease activity score 28.
43. Prevalence Study
of Major Protozoa Diarrheal Agents Among Pa-tients in Babylon Province Using
Microscopically and Molecular Methods
Ahmed Khudhair Al-Hamairy 1 ,
Kawther H. Mhdei 2 and Mais Kadhim Oleiwi 3
"1 University of Babylon,
College of Science for women, Biology Dept. Iraq
2 Al-Hilla University College,
Medical laboratories techniques, Babylon. Hilla Iraq
3 Al-Furat al- awsat Technical Institute University, Iraq
*Corresponding author:
[email protected] , [email protected]
Abstract: Direct Smear Method
(Lugol's Iodine, Normal Saline (0.9 percent) for detection of G.lamblia and
E.histolytica while using floatation methods; Ziehn–Neelsen method (Malachite
green) for detection of Cryptosporidium spp. by using light microscope; 96positive
sample from those sample were examined by “polymerase chain reaction (PCR)”.
Diarrhea patientes at the Babylon maternity and children's hospital, the
Babylon province's “specialized Marjan Hospital for Internal and Cardiac
Diseases”, primary health care facili-ties, and private clinics are all
included in this category of patients. The children's ages range from (31 and
up). Infection with parasites that cause diarrhea47.3 percent (E.histolytica,
G.lamblia, and Cryptosporidium spp.) was found to be 26.4percent, 17.9percent,
and 3.7percent, respectively, in the current investigation. They were analyzed
using a direct smear approach to detect the parasites' trophozoites, cysts, and
oocyst phases. By mi-croscopic examination, the rural area had the highest rate
of infection at 67.2percent, compared to 32.9 percent in the metropolis. Males
had the greatest infection rate of 51.5 percent, compared to 41.2 percent for
females. The higher infection rate was observed at 76.1% in the “age
group”(16-20), while the lower infection rate was documented at 22.8 percent in
the “age group” (26-30). Significant differences in infection rates have been
seen at the (P ≤ 0.05). In this study, 96 positive results in direct smear
methods were employed to diagnose the ma-jor parasite diarrhea agent using
polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It had a “total infection rate” of 43.4
percent at the time (31.3 percent , 28.1 percent and 2.1 percent ,
respectively). According to the PCR technique, males had the highest rates of
infection (36.7%), while females had the lowest rates of infection (30.6%). In
compar-ison to the rate of infection in urban regions, which was 25.9%, it had
the maximum infection rate on rural ar-eas (45.3%). In the current study, the
maximum infection rates were found at (16-20years) age group (46.2%), while the
lowest rates of infection were found in the (21-25years) age group (16.7%). In
contrast to previous studies, the present research has shown that the
prevalence of diarrhea-causing parasites in the province of Babylon is higher
when detected by microscopic examination and PCR, and the rate of infection
from urban to rural areas is high.
Key words : Microscopic inspection,
PCR technique, E.histolytica, G.lamblia, and Cryptosporidium spp.
44. Effect Of
Summer Pruning, Fertilization And Growth Stimulator On The Quality Of Kamali
Grapes And The Mineral Content Of Its Leaves
Thaer R. Awad1, Nazik H. Khalil2,*
1,2 Dept. of Hort. And Landscape-
Coll. of Agric. Engin. Sci. – University of Baghdad, [email protected]
* Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: The research was carried
out in one of the grape orchards belonging to Dujail District / Salah Al-Din
Governorate for the agricultural season 2021, to study the effect of the
fertilization program, some summer pruning and foliar spraying with a growth
stimulator (commercial organic compound named Stimo-leaf) in the quality of
grapes of the Kamali variety and the content of its leaves from some mineral
elements, the study factors were applied to vines of 10 years old, according to
the design of the Nested-Factorial Experiment. The experiment included three
factors: summer pruning with two levels, without pruning (P0) and Pruning (P1),
fertilizing with recommended fertilizer (F0) and a suggested fertilization
program according to the physi-ological stages of the vines (F1) and foliar
spraying with a growth stimulator at concentrations of 0, 2 ml. L-1, 4 ml.L-1
and symbolized by S0, S1, and S2 in sequence. The results showed the
significant effect of summer pruning and fertilization according to the
proposed fertilization program in improving the quality of fruits and the
degree of coloration, as it led to an increase in the percentage of total
soluble solids, the percentage of total sugars, the percentage of sugars to
acidity, and it reduced the percentage of acidity in Grape grains and an
in-crease in the content of the fruit peel of anthocyanin and total phenols, as
well as an increase in the content of the leaves from elements (nitrogen,
phosphorous, potassium, calcium and boron) and an increase in the content of
the trunk of carbohydrates.The treatment S2 also outperformed the above
indicators, and the binary interac-tions ( F1P1, F1S2, P1S2) and the triple
F1P1S2 gave the highest rates relative to the comparison treatments, except for
the triple interaction F1P0S2 which gave the highest potassium content of
leaves and the triple in-teraction F1P1S1 which gave the highest carbohydrate
content of the trunk.
Keywords: Fertilization program ,
anthocyanin, total phenols, Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium, Calcium and Boron
45. Effect of
adding two levels of dried Molokhia (Corchorus Olitorius L.) leaves to the diet on some physiological
characteristics and bacterial numbers in the intestines of broilers
Abbas A. Hoshi 1, Jinan S.
Al-Shamire 2
1Researcher, Assistant Chief
Agricultural Engineers at the Ministry of Agriculture - Gen-eral Company for
Agricultural Supplies. Iraq – Baghdad [email protected]
2College of Agricultural Engineering
Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad. Iraq [email protected]
Abstract: This study has tackled in
the poultry field of (Abu Ghraib site) related to animal production
Depart-ment/ College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences/ University of
Baghdad for 42 days (from 15, Oct, 2021 to 26th, Nov, 2021). The study aims at
investigating the effect of adding the powder of Corchorus olitorius dried
leaves to diet for different periods on the productive performance of broilers.
315 broiler chicks are used of (Ross 308 breed) regardless of gender, of one
day age and an initial weight of 40 gm. The chicks are divided into seven
coefficients and three replicators for each coefficient; each replicator
includes 15 chicks. The chicks starting from age 1-21 days are fed with a
(starter) chicken feed consisting of 3006.5 kilo calories/ Kg. feed metabolized
energy and 22% raw protein. Then the chicks are fed with a (finisher) chicken feed
from 22-42 days age. The finisher consists of 3171.11 kilo calories/ Kg. of
feed metabolized energy and 20.54 raw protein. Biochemical tests reveal no
effect of the coefficients of adding powder of Corchorus olitorius L. dried
leaves on the averages of Glucose and phosphorus in blood serum. An improvement
is shown (P˂0.05) of T4 coeffi-cient covers albumin, globulin, cholesterol, and
whole averages of protein. As for Glutathione all adding coef-ficients show
improvements (P˂0.05) compared to control coefficient. A greater increase is
shown in coeffi-cient T7 (5.47mg), whereas the lowest is (4.14mg/ml). The
results indicated that treatments of adding dried Molokhia leaves powder led to
a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the numbers of Lactobacillus beneficial
bac-teria compared to the control treatment, while a significant (P < 0.05)
increase was observed in the numbers of pathogenic bacteria E-coli for the
control treatment compared to addition treatments for all periods.
Keyword: chicken feed, dried leaves,
molokhia, physiological traits, lactobacillus
46. A comparison
with micro albuminuria indicates whether urine and serum kidney injury
molecule-1 can predict the onset of early dia-betic nephropathy (DN).
Dalia M. Saleh1*, Manal K. Rasheed2
and Nabeel K. Alwandi3,
"1 University of Baghdad,
College of Medicine 1,
[email protected] . https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1858-0018
2 University of Baghdad, College of
Medicine 2,
[email protected]
3
Baqubah General Hospital 3, mailto:[email protected]
* Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: Diabetic nephropathy (DN)
is the most frequent consequence of DM and a significant contributor to chronic
kidney disease, a multifactorial illness. Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) is a
sensitive and accurate indicator of kidney damage and a predictive indicator.
Aim: The aim of the present investigation was to exam-ine serum and urine KIM-1
as a DN early marker. Patients and methods: The present study included a total
of 150 participants, among whom 50 non-diabetic participants were chosen as
controls. 100 diabetics Partici-pants were split into two groups based on their
urine albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) as participants with normoalbuminuria
(T2DM patients without nephropathy) and microalbuminuria (T2DM patients with
nephropathy). The blood glucose, HbA1c, s.urea , and creatinine levels in serum
and urine were measured us-ing standard laboratory techniques, and serum and
urine KIM-1 levels were measured by Elisa Essay. Results : There was a distinct
variation in the mean serum and urine KIM-1 between the control and diabetics
without microalbuminuria (P = 0.001). Serum KIM-1 correlated with ACR (P =
0.669) in diabetics with microalbumi-nuria.
Urine KIM-1 was less correlated than serum KIM-1 (p = 0.257). A strong
association between the two was found between ACR and serum KIM-1 in diabetics
with microalbuminuria and a low correlation between ACR and urine KIM-1 in
diabetics with microalbumin . Conclusion: According to the current investigation,
diabetic groups with microalbuminuria had substantially elevated serum and
urine levels of KIM-1 than the control groups. Additionally, there was a
favorable correlation between serum KIM-1 and the length of diabe-tes. Larger
multicentric trials are also needed to assess the efficacy of serum and urine
KIM-1 as a DN early marker.
Keywords: Serum /Urine KIM-1;
Dibetic nephropathy; Microalbumin; DM type-2
47. Effect of
adding different levels of dill seeds to the diet on produc-tive traits and
some carcass traits of broilers chickens
Walaa zayer Shnain1 , Hasanain N.
Ezzat2
1 Department of Animal Production -
College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad, Iraq.
*
Correspondence: [email protected]
Abstract: This study was conducted
in the poultry field of the Department of Animal Production / College of
Agricultural Engineering Sciences / University of Baghdad Abu Ghraib for the
period from 10/15/2021 to 11/25/2021 with the aim of showing the effect of
adding different levels of dill seeds to the diet on productive and carcass
traits For broiler meat. In this study, 200 unsexed broiler chicks of breed
(308 Ross) were used, one day age , with a starting weight of (42) g. The
chicks were randomly distributed to 5 treatments, and each treatment included 4
replicates, 10 birds for each replicate.The birds were fed three diets: the
starter diet, the growth diet and the final diet. The experiment treatments
were T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, adding dill seeds at av-erage (0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9,
1.2%), respectively. The results of the experiment indicated a significantly
excelled(P < 0.05) for treatment T5. Compared with the T1 treatment, it did
not differ significantly from the rest of the treatments, adding dill seeds T2,
T3 and T4 in body weight, weight gain and feed consumed for broilers at 42
days, an improvement was observed in the food conversion ratio of treatment T5
compared to the rest of the treatments in the first week, and in the fourth
week, the results indicated a significant improvement (0.01>P) in the feed
conversion ratio of the addition treatments T2, T3, T4 and T5 compared to
treatment T1. It was found that there was a significant (P < 0.05) excelled
in the carcass weight of the T5 treatment compared to the T4 treatment and it
did not differ significantly with the T1, T2 and T3 treatments, and a
significant (P < 0.05) in the relative weight of the gizzard for the T4
treatment compared to the T1 treatment, as well as the liver relative weight
for the two treatments. T4 and T5 as compared to T1,Also, a significantly
excelled (P<0.05) was ob-served in the relative weight of the thigh for
treatment T1 and T4 compared to T5. When calculating the relative weight of the
neck, it was noted that treatment T1 compared to treatment T5 When calculating
the relative weight of the back, treatment T4 excelled on the rest of the
treatments.We conclude from this study that adding 1.2% of dill seeds to the
diet improved the productive traits of broilers.
Key words: dill seeds, broilers,
productive performance, carcasses.
48. The Effect
of Phenolic extract of Mint (Mentha spicata) in the Fer-tility of Male
Laboratory Mice.
Ahmed Nassir Faisal 1, Ali Abdull
sattar abdull jabar2, Zain alabdeen Almousswi3
1 National University of Science and
Technology, Nasiriyah, Iraq
2 National University of Science and
Technology, Nasiriyah, Iraq
Abstract: The current study was
conducted to investigate the effect of the phenolic extract of the Mentha
spi-cata plant on the fertility of
laboratory mice. Where the phenolic compounds were extracted using the Reflex
condenser from the leaves of the Mentha spicata
plant and it was chemically detected. In the current study,)Albino Mice
of the musculus Mus type were used at an age ranging between (12-11) months.
The group was randomly divided into three groups. The control group was
injected with physiological solution (0.9% Nacl), the second group was injected
with the phenolic extract of the Mentha spicata
plant by (100 mg/kg) concentration, and the third group was injected by
concentration (200 mg/kg) from the phenolic extract of the Mentha spicata .The
phenols were dissolved in physiological solution (0.9% Nacl), and all
individuals of these groups were injected through the peritoneal membrane I.P.
at a rate of 0.5 ml per animal per day for a period of 30 days. The phenolic
extract of Mentha spicata leaves caused
a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the level Testosterone and Luteinizing
hormone (ng/ml) in blood serum of the first and second treatment group when
compared with control group. The study also indicate that there was a
significant decrease (P<0.05) in the concentration of Follicle-Stimulating
Hormone in the third treatment group compared with its level in the control
group, while there were no significant changes (P<0.05) for the second
treatment group compared with the control group. The average concentration of
sperms taken from the caudal epididymis did not change sig-nificantly
(P<0.05) for both treatments when compared with the control group. While the
percentage of motile sperm decreased significantly (P<0.05) as a result of
treatment with the phenolic extract of Mentha spicata leaves, and this percentage is directly
proportional to the increase in the doses used of the extract. Sperm vitali-ty
compared to the control group, as for the percentage leading to abnormal
sperms, the results showed a sig-nificant increase (P<0.05) in the average
percentage of abnormal sperms in the caudal epididymis of the second treatment
animals, when compared with the rates of the first and control groups, while
there was no There were no significant changes (P<0.05) in the rate of the
first treatment compared to the control. Histologically, the re-sults indicate
that treatment with phenolic extract of Mentha spicata leaves caused simple histological changes,
represented by a simple vacuole of the interstitial layer between the tubules,
a slight congestion and partial de-tachment of the germ cells from the basement
membrane with a thick fibrous capsule surrounding the epididy-mis tubes and
congestion of blood vessels, while the seminal tubules and seminal lumen
remained normal. Compared to the control group, which showed the seminiferous
tubules, seminal cavity and germ layers nor-mally with normal spermatozoa
stages.
Keywords: Phenolic extract, Mentha
spicata , Fertility
49. Evaluation
of some Herbal Agents in Treatment of Diabetes in Comparison to Insulin
Jawad F. H. Al-Musawi1,*
1 Thi-Qar Medical College of Thi-Qar
University, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Iraq.
*Correspondence: [email protected],
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8896-0334
Abstract: We conducted an
experimental investigation in which hyperglycemia was created in rats using
Alloxan; we then employed a herbal drug that could reverse the hypoglycemic
effects of insulin, which is to say, we used Alloxan to induce hyperglycemia in
the rats. Results from a research conducted on 24 Black rats over a period of
28 days (split into four groups of six rats each on days 1, 7, 14, and 28) show
that ALLOXAN can induce hyperglycemia with statistical significance (P0.0001).
HERBAL DRUGS (Momordica Charantia L) have been shown to ef-fectively reduce
hyperglycemia brought on by Alloxan, with results that are statistically
signifi-cant (P0.0001) but not as strong as those produced by insulin.
Momordica Charantia L for its insulin-like effects on blood sugar levels in the
context of hyperglycemia produced by Alloxan. Through the use of "Black
rats," we were able to successfully visualise a model for inducing
hyperglycemia via intraperitoneal injection of ALLOXAN. The effectiveness of
Momordica charantia L in bringing down hyperglycemia was then compared to that
of Insulin. Comparing Momordica charantia L to insulin for the treatment of
type 1 diabetes in rats, the following re-sults were found: - On days 7, 14,
21, and 28, with a total of 6 animals (Black rats) in each group, the mean S.D.
of the hypoglycemic effect of Momordica charantia L was (148.42 +/-3.65),
(127.66 +/-2.520), (95.78 +/-1.18), and (86.54 +/3.55). To put it another way,
the herbal remedy is clearly effective in lowering blood sugar levels in those
who suffer from hypergly-cemia. The present findings highlight that Momordica
charantia L is effective in treating type 1 diabetes mellitus in rats, and that
it has the same effect on blood glucose levels as the pharma-ceutical insulin.
Key words; Alloxan, Hypoglycemia,
Insulin, Momordica charantia L, Hyperglycemia,
50. Genotoxicity
evaluation in workers occupationally exposed to the pollutants of Dhi- Qar oil
refinery
Mariam Alaa Toama1,*
"1 National University of
Science and Technology, Thi-Qar, Iraq.
*
Correspondence: [email protected]
ABSTRACT: Background: Workers are
occupationally and environmentally exposed to diverse forms of xenobiotic as
gases and vapors. Career publicity to those compounds can trade the prooxidants
/oxidants and antioxidants equilibrium throughout oxidative toxic stress (OTS).
Pollutants might also purpose genotoxicity by DNA oxidative. This work has
conducted in AL-Nasiriya at the Thi-Qar Oil refinery in Thi-Qar province south
of Iraq. Samples have been amassed from the refinery workers and Campus college
students and work-force as control. A complete of 70 blood samples from the
refinery people running within the asphalt, Labora-tory, and refining units,
also samples from Campus students and staff as control have been collected. The
8- OHDG became measured using the ELISA technique. The serum 8-OHdG of refinery
workers were notably higher than individuals of control subject (p< 0.001*).
A higher level of the serum 8-OHdG was quantified in the blood samples of all
exposed subjects. The signification feature that resulted in an enhanced
genotoxic po-tential was the years of exposure to the oil refinery environment
that led to an increase the 8-OHdG formation over the years.
Keywords: Genotoxicity ; workers
occupationally ; pollutants ; Dhi- Qar ; oil refinery
51. Panoramic
View among Other Radiographic
Investigations for Dental Implant Surgery, Dentists’ Perspective
Sanaa Jamal Mahmood1, Amaal
Alnuaimy2, Faaiz Alhamdani3
1Oral Medicine Department, College
of Dentistry, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
2 Asst. Lecturer, College of
Dentistry, Al-Iraqia University
3 Clinical Sciences Department,
College of Dentistry, Ibn Sina University of Medical and Pharmaceutical
Sciences,
Baghdad,Iraq ; [email protected]
* Corresponding: Faaiz Alhamdani,
College of Dentistry, Ibn Sina University of Medical and Pharmaceutical
Sciences
Al-Qadisiya, South St.Baghdad, Iraq
;[email protected]
Abstract: Objectives: To determine
the factors that could influence the use of OPG in dental implant surgery from
a dentist’s perspective. Methods: A google form questionnaire was circulated
electronically as a google form to dentists of different dental specialties and
practical backgrounds. Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS Ver.25.
Statistical significance has been set at P<0.05. Results: The vast majority
of the participating dentists use OPG as a preoperative diagnostic tool in
dental implants. Only 13 (15.1%) dentists do not use OPG in dental implant
treatment. Chi-Square Test showed a statistically significant relationship
(P=0.042) between the reason for OPG request and dentists’ qualifications. The
overwhelming majority of PhD and Fellowship degrees holder dentists (71.4%)
request the OPG to view the relationship between the implant site and the vital
anatomical structures. Chi-Square Test showed a highly significant relationship
(P=0.000) between the type of the additional radiographic investigation and the
dental specialty. Surgeons, compared to general practitioners (43.8%) and other
specialties (52.6%), appear to be favorably interested (91.4%) in CBCT as an
additional diagnostic aid to OPG. Conclusions: Dentists agree on the
preliminary diagnostic value of OPG in dental implant surgery. PhD and OMFS
Fellowship holders seem to be more interested in the relationship between the
dental implant position and jaw anatomical landmarks on the OPG. Oral surgeons
appear to be more appreciative of the role of CBCT as an additional
preoperative diagnostic tool.
Keywords: dental implant surgery,
oral radiology, OPG, CBCT, periapical radiography
52. Microfluidic
sensors platform technology to enhancement fluorescence
Noor luay Hussein1, Zainab Al-Bawi 2
1,2 Institute of Laser for
Postgraduate Studies, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
*Correspondence:[email protected],
Abstract: The integrated concepts of
biology, physics, fluid dynamics, chemistry, material science, also
microelectronics provide the foundation of the relatively young area of
microfluidics. A variety of materials may be processed into tiny chips with
microscale channels also chambers. Regarding PMMA material also production
methods, microfluidic biosensor platform technology also focuses on enhancing
rhodamine B's fluorescence via adding carbon nanotubes, with additional
benefits including restricted detection, high sensitivity, high stability, also
repeatability., quick response analysis, low consumption of sample volume, high
throughput, also ease of operation applications of these remarkable
devices.
Keywords: microfluidics, CO2 laser ablation;
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope, PMMA, Carbon nanotubes, fluorescent.
53. Antibacterial
and anti-biofilm properties of biosynthesized Silver nanoparticles using Sumac
(Rhus coriaria L.) extracts against some pathogenic bacteria
Sally K. Abd. Alaameri1*, Huda S. A.
Al-Hayanni1, Labeeb A. K. Al-Zubaidi2
1 Biology Department, College of
Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Iraq.
2 Environmental and Water
Directorate/ Ministry of Science and Technology. Baghdad, Iraq.
*1Corresponding
author:Sa[email protected] , Phone : (+964)7709386880
Abstract: Multidrug-resistant
bacteria have contributed to a rise in morbidity and death from microbial
infec-tions, making it more difficult to treat illnesses caused by resistant
pathogenic bacteria. There is a growing in-terest in the use of nanoparticles
as biomaterials around the globe. Nanoparticles might become a crucial
feasi-ble therapeutic alternative for the treatment of infections resistant to
several drugs. Currently, they are recog-nized as feasible alternatives or
additions to conventional antimicrobials. Nanotechnology focuses on develop-ing
eco-friendly methods for producing nanoparticles. The current work aims to generate
a quick, ecologically friendly approach for synthesizing silver nanoparticles
utilizing aqueous and alcohol sumac plant extracts. These silver nanoparticles
appear to be synthesized and capped by sumac extract bioactive components.
FTIR, XRD, SEM, AAS, EDX, AFM, and UV-Vis spectroscopy were used to determine
the nanoparticle structure, shape, and optical properties. Within 15 minutes,
the AgNPs had formed. The aqueous and alcoholic sumac extracts resulted in
silver nanoparticles with an average particle size of 43.82 nm and 39.55 nm,
respectively. Against the multi-drug-resistant clinical isolates, silver
nanoparticles from both extracts had good antibacterial activity
(Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterococcus faecalis, and Pseudomonas
aeru-ginosa). Also, these nanoparticles had an inhibitory effect on the
productivity of the biofilm virulence factor. For this study with highly
significant differences (P≤0.01).
Keywords: Silver nanoparticles,
Green synthesis, Rhus coriaria L., Sumac, antibacterial activity,
antibiofilm activity;
multidrug-resistant bacteria.
54. Estimation
Of Amino Acid Concentrations in The Kidney of Albino Mice Embryo
Amar Hussein Abd Ali 1, Nahla A.
Al-Bakri 2,*
1,2 Department of Biology / College of Education for Pure
Science (Ibn Al-Haitham) / University of Baghdad.;
Corresponding author: [email protected]
.
Abstract: Amino acids are the basic
building block for peptides and proteins. They are raw materials for the generation
of some hormones, purines, pyrimidines and vitamins. Amino acids also provide
the body with a source of energy through their carbon structures. The study
analyzed the amino acid in the kidneys of the albi-no mice embryo at the age of
17 and 19 gestation days, using a high-performance liquid chromatography
de-vice (HPLC). Samples were obtained after removing them from the embryo and
placing them in an ice bath to prevent cell lysis and acid loss. The study
found 18 amino acids in the kidneys of the albino mice embryo. They are
Asparagine (Asn), Glutamine (Glu), Serine (Ser), Glycine (Gly), Threonine
(Thr), Histidine (His), Cysteine (Cys), Alanine (Ala), Proline (Pro),
Tryptophan (Tryp), Arginine (Arg), Tyrosine (Tyr), Valine (Val), Methionine
(Met), Isoleucine (Ile), Leucine (Leu), Phenylalanine (Phe), and Lysine (Iys).
Keywords: Amino acid, Mus musculus,
Embryo, Kidney.
55. The Effect
of Mediterranean Diet (MD) Accompanying Zumba Ex-ercises in Reducing the
Percentage of Cellulite for Women Aged (30-45) Years
Sura Obaid Al-Issawi1
1 College of Basic Education,
Al-Mustansiriya University, Iraq
Corresponding author: Sura.Obaid
@uomustansiriyah.edu.iq
Abstract: The research aimed to
identify the effect of the Mediterranean diet and Zumba exercises on the
per-centage of cellulite for women aged (30-45) years. Therefore, The researcher prepared the Mediterranean
diet program and the Zumba exercises that fit the research sample’s
capabilities. The study sample was represented by (20) female employees who had
cellulite exclusively, where the Mediterranean diet programs were applied
through the distribution of a weekly food program and the accompanying Zumba
exercises. the above pro-gram was
carried out on the research sample for 3 months (12 weeks) by two training
units per week, which was graded from easy to difficult. After implementing the
two programs and conducting post-tests, the re-searcher concluded the following
conclusions: The Mediterranean diet had a positive effect in reducing the
percentage of cellulite found in specific areas of the body (thigh, hip, and
abdomen) because the values were significant. knowing that its components are
available, which made it easy to apply. Besides, the use of Zumba exercises
along with the Mediterranean diet helped reduce the accumulation of fat, water,
and waste and gradu-ally disappear. The researcher recommends that the
Mediterranean diet should be identified because its materi-als and nutrients
depend on unsaturated fats in addition to their high nutritional value.
Emphasis on the adop-tion of different diets for those with high weight to
reduce weight. Moreover, the use of Zumba exercises and other physical
exercises accompanying music in hospitals and rehabilitation centers because of
their role in in-creasing the fun and happiness of patients and eliminating
depression and stress.
Keywords: Mediterranean Diet, Zumba
Exercises, Cellulite
56. Diagnosis of
two local mushroom species (Pleurotus spp.) and their production management
Abeer Kadhim Jasim Al-Falahi1, Ahmed Kareem
Alsadaawy2 and Rukaibaa Ali Chechan3*
1 Ministry of health and
environment, Baghdad health directorate-Al-karkh, Baghdad, Iraq.
2 Organic Agriculture Center, Plant
Protection Directorate, Ministry of Agriculture, Baghdad, Iraq
3 Department of Food Science, College of
Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq.
*
Correspondence: : [email protected]
Abstract: Present study confirmed
the identity of two Iraqi mushroom by using the internal transcribed spacer
(ITS) sequence ,the genomic DNA of two
isolates were amplified using ITS1,ITS4 primers, the data analyzed through
Basic Local Alignment Tool( BLAST) search was achieved using the National
Center for Biotechnol-ogy information
(NCBI) database,The result show that nucleotide sequence of two mushroom
blasted against sequence from Gene Bank data base that pleurotus ostreatus and
pleurotus eryngii matched 99% and 100% respectively. Second stage of current
study was the comparison of different agro-waste including wheat straw(WS),
corncob(CC) and sawdust(SD) supplemented with 25% wheat bran(W) and 2% calcium
carbonate (CaCo3) on mycelium growth, yield and biological efficiency (BE) of
local oyster mushroom which compari-son with Chinese strain pleurotus
ostreatus121 and pleurotus eryngii 080. The highest growth average achieved by
local P. ostretus on SD substrate 1.50 cm andp. eryngii recorded 1.18 cm. the
substrate CC was the most suitable for yield of both mushroom local P.
ostreatusand P. ostreatus121(485.40 and 418.50 g/bag respectively) while local
P. eryngii recorded 470.40 in the same substrate. It is also found that WS
substrate recorded the highest BE for each local isolates and Chinese strains.
Keywords: Iraqi strains, pleurotus
spp., agricultural wastes, wild agricultural mushrooms
57. The Effect
of Various Levels of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium on Production Of
Local Red Onion (Allium Cepa L .)
Dilzar F. Saeed1 and Alwand T.R.
Dizayee2
1Soil and Water Dep. , College of
Agriculture , University of Salahaddin.
*Correspondence:[email protected]
Abstract: Fertilization is one of
efforts done by farmers to increase the production and quality of onions . The
research aimed to find out the effect of
different levels of Nitrogen , phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to the
growth and production of onions .The research was conducted in Grdarash
field the experimental farm of college
of agriculture , university of Salahaddin .The research use used spilt – spilt
design .The first factor was Nitrogen ( 0 , 40 , 80, 160 Kg .ha-1 ) .The
second factor wasPhosphorus ( 0 , 80 ,
160 Kg.ha-1 ) and the third factor was Potassium
( 0 , 50 , 100 Kg .ha-1 ) .the results indicated that there was high Significant
inter-action between NPK and onion bulb yield . The treatment( K1 P2 N1)
has the highest significant yield
pro-duction ( 18 .36 Mg. ha-1
) And the best interaction between the
Nitrogen , Phosphorus and
PotassiumFerti-lizers this treatment addition were ( K 50
, P 160 and N
40 Mg .ha-1 ) .K1 P1 was the best significant inter-action between
Potassium and Phosphorus .K1 N1 was the
best significant interaction between Potassium and Nitrogen.
Keywords: Nitrogen, Phosphorus,
Potassium, Onion ,Bulb yield.
58. Combination
effect of different levels of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium on Yield of
Chickpea Plant (Cicera rietinum L.)
Yahya A.A Abd Sabri 1,*, Alwand T.R.
Dizayee2
1 Dpt.of soil and water science,
Coll. of Ag. Eng. Sci. Salahaddin –Hawler-Iraq, [email protected]
2
Dpt.of soil and water science, Coll. of Ag. Eng. Sci. Salahaddin
–Hawler-Iraq, [email protected]
*
Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: This experiment was
conducted at Grdarasha field of College of agricultural engineering Science,
Salahaddin University in Erbil with Clay Loam texture class. During spring
growing season of 2020, to study the effect of four levels of phosphorus TSP (0
, 20 , 40 , 60) Kg P. ha-1 ,Three level of K (0 , 15 , 30) Kg K. ha-1and Three level of N (0 , 15 ,
30) Kg N. ha-1. Besides, there combination on yield components and nutri-ent
balance of chickpea plant by using, split split block design with three factors
(K, N and P), where 36 treat-ment with 3 replicates was used. The main results
could be summarized as follow: The combination between potassium, nitrogen and
phosphorus levels affected on the yield of chickpea plant was significant also
the max-imum yield was recorded in treatment combination (K2N1P2) was (1.55 Mg
ha-1). Whereas the lowest mean value (0.73 Mg ha-1) was recorded from treatment
combination (K0N0P0).
Keywords: Nitrogen, Phosphorus,
Potassium, chemical and physical properties, chickpea yield
59. Response of
Aleo vera plant to different concentrations of phos-phorous and terra-sorb
complex and its effect on vegetative growth characteristics and its gel content
R. A. A. Al-asadi 1,*, Sajed A.
Mohamed2
1,2 Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Research Unit, Coll.of Agri. Eng. Sciences, University of Baghdad, Iraq
*
Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: Agricultural Engineering Sciences -
University of Baghdad for the fall season 2016. Aloe vera seedlings were
selected with a high degree of homogeneity in terms of vegetative growth and
number of leaves, and the plants were distributed as a factorial experiment
according to the RCBD randomized complete block design, with three replications
and an average of six plants in the experimental unit. Results revealed a significant
differences in most of studied traits, showed the superiority of the N3P3
interference treatment by gave the highest values in number of leaves, leaf
width and thickness, fresh weight of leaves and plant yield of dry matter
(15.83 leaves. and 217.46 g. plant-1) respectively. As for the effect of
spraying with amino acids, treatment N3 excelled in the characteristics of leaf
thickness, fresh weight of leaves and plant yield of dry mat-ter, which
amounted to 1.828 mm. leaf and 273.0 g. leaf and 157.23 g. leaf-1 in sequence.
While the treatment of P3 spraying surpassed in the characteristic of leaf
thickness and plant yield of dry matter, which amounted to 1.822 mm. leaf-1 and
191.61 g. plant-1. While the results did not show significant differences between
the treatments of spraying with amino acids and phosphorous treatments in the
trait of plant length and leaf width.
Keywords: Aloe vera, bio stimulant,
amino acids, phosphorous
60. Relation of
Mental Foramen to dental implant
Sahar Hamdan Alani1, Luma Musa
Ibrahim2, Hala A. Alwan3 and Modar Abdel-Abbas4
1 College of Dentistry, Al-Farthing
University, Iraq
2 College of Dentistry, Al-Farthing
University, Iraq
3 College of Dentistry, Al-Farthing
University, Iraq
4 College of Dentistry, Al-Farthing
University, Iraq
Corresponding author:
[email protected]
Abstract: Background: The mental
foramen is a strategically important landmark during osteotomy proce-dures. Its
location and the possibility that an anterior loop of the mental nerve may be
present mesial to the mental foramen needs to be considered before implant
surgery to avoid mental nerve injury. Material and method: This is a
retrospective cross sectional study conducted using panoramic radiographic data
of Iraqi normal healthy patients visiting dental teaching Hospital at Al
Farahidi college of dentistry . The number of
participants selected for this study is 40 was 20 male and 20 female.
Results: A total of 45 were processed and analyzed during the periods of the
current study out of these only 40 were considered to be sufficient for the
inclusion and exclusion criteria 50 Bee Gees for five subjects where discarded
because they were not matched with the inclusion and exclusion criteria‘s
remaining 40 oh Bee Gees represents a total of 20 male and 20 fe-male subjects
all the data were matched to get a better picture and comprehensive results.
Keywords: Mental Foramen, dental
implant, mental foramen
61. Effect Of
Cultivars And Harvest Dates On Rice Seeds Vigore
Mohsen Kamel Mohammad Ali1, Jalal
Hameed Hamza2 and Ahmed Shihab Ahmed3
"1Ministry of Trade, General
Company for Grain Trade, Wasit Branch Branch [email protected]
2*University of Baghdad, College of
Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Department of Field Crops
3Ministry of Agriculture,
Agricultural Researches Directory, Department of Rice Researches
*Corresponding author: M.K. Mohammad
Ali [email protected]
Abstract: A laboratory experiment
was carried out according to a
completely randomized design with four repetitions on the seeds resulting from
a field experiment applied for the two seasons 2020 and 2021, to find out the
effect of the cultivars (Ambar 33, Yasamin, Dijlah, Ambar Al-Baraka and Furat
1) and the harvest dates (at physiological maturity and after 7 and 14, 21 and
28 days of physiological maturity) on the vigour of rice seeds. The results
showed the superiority of the seeds of the cultivar Anbar Al-Baraka at first
and final counting, dry weight of the seedling, seedling vigour index and
electrical conductivity, and the superiority of the seeds of Dijla cultivar at
accelerated aging test and cold test without significant difference with the
Anbar Al-Baraka cultivar in both seasons. The harvest date exceeded 14 days
after physiological maturity at all stud-ied traits in both seasons. Anbar
Al-Baraka at the harvest 14 days after physiological maturity was superior at
most studied traits. It can be concluded that the seeds of the cultivar Amber
Al-Baraka showed the best per-formance at seed vigour, especially harvested
after 14 days of physiological maturity.
Key words: accelerating ageing, cold
test, Oryza sativa, first count, seedling vigour, physiological maturity
62. Molecular
detection of equine infectious anaemia viruses using conventional PCR and primer
design for virus gag-gene region in the middle Iraqi provinces
Ahmed Hamzah Mosa1, Naseir Mohammed
Badawi2, Zaid Salah Hussein2 and Ahmed Jassim Mohammed3
1 Department of Internal and
Preventive Veterinary Medicine. College of Veterinary Medicine. AL-Qasim Green
University, Babylon, Iraq. [email protected]
2 Department of Internal and
Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of
Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
3 Al-Qasim Agriculture Division,
Babylon Agriculture Directorate
*Corresponding author:
[email protected]
Abstract: Equine infectious anaemia
(EIA) is a viral infection that affects Equidae as a persistent infection.
In-fected horses usually develop a systemic disease with mild clinical signs
such as irregular fever, weight loss, anaemia, and weakness. The study was the
first molecular record of the EIA viruses in horses in Iraq. In total, 72 blood
samples (30 horses and 42 donkeys) were selected with a history and signs of
anaemia. The study was conducted in the provinces of central Iraq (Babylon,
Karbala, and Al-Dawinih provinces) from 2015 to 2017. Then, primer design and
molecular identification of the gag gene of the EIA virus were performed. The
results showed EIA virus infection rates in horses and donkeys in Iraq's middle
regions was 16.66% and 0%, respectively. The DNA sequences of two positive EIA
virus samples revealed that isolates have 271 nucleo-tides under accession
numbers MN861108.1 and MN861109.1, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis re-vealed
that Iraqi isolates were clustered in different clades and revealed 83.1–100%
identity with EIAV world isolates in the NCBI. This study was first molecular
record of EIA viruses in Iraq. The study indicated that the gag region was an
important target for EIAV detection.
Key words: PCR, Gag, Gene, EIA,
Iraq.
63. Some
morphological structures and histological features of the gills of binni
(Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi)
Khalid Hadi Kadhim1, Diyar Mohammad
Hussein2, Shaima Khazaal Waad3
"1 Dep. of Anatomy and
Histology / Coll. of Vet. Med./ Al Muthanna University/ Iraq
2 Dep. of Anatomy and Histology /
Coll. of Vet. Med./ Al Muthanna University/ Iraq
3 Dep. of Anatomy and Histology /
Coll. of Vet. Med./ Al Muthanna University/ Iraq
*
Correspondence: [email protected]
Abstract: This study's goal was to
describe some morphological and histological aspects of the binni fish's gills.
Fifteen adult male binni were pulled alive from the Al-Forat river, with age
about (24 - 28) months, im-mediately after death. The gills of binni were
situated on each side of the head beneath a gill cover; operculum and the gills
were made of the finger-like long filaments that were joined to the
cartilaginous gill bar. From each filament; numerous, fragile lamellae that
resemble leaves protrude. These lamellae were made up of tiny capillaries that
were covered in plain squamous epithelial cells. Between the fish's blood and
the surrounding water, the epithelium acts as a barrier. The first, second,
third, and fourth pairs of gill arches make up the gills, which were supported
by the bone skeleton. Each arch carries a row of gill filaments on its convex
side and two rows of gill rakers on its concave side. On the rostral concave
border, the filaments in the two extremes of the gill were short, but the
length of all the filaments was the same. The first gill arch's lateral rakers
were long-er than the medial rakers, while the fourth gill arch's medial rakers
were longer than the lateral rakers. The rak-ers, bony comb-like projections,
filled the rostral region of the gill arches at the rostral concave interior
side. There was interdigitation between the gill rakers of the neighboring gill
arches. Each gill arch included the lat-eral gill rakers pointing
dorsolaterally and medial gill rakers pointing dorsomedially. Filaments
originate from the gill arches and were maintained by the cartilage on the
caudal convex border of the primary lamellae, from which the secondary lamellae
emerge. The simple squamous epithelium lined the secondary lamellae.
Key words: Binni, Gill, Morphology,
Histology.
64. Epidemiology
study of Aspergillus sp. that causes pneumonia in cancer patients
Nabaa Tahseen Kahdum1 and Fadhil
Sami Zghair2
1Collage of Health and Medical
Technology, Kufa Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Iraq
2Kufa technical institute, Al-Furat
Al-Awsat Technical University, Iraq
*
Correspondence: nab[email protected] ,
[email protected]
Abstract: Aspergillosis is a fungal
disease caused by Aspergillus, a filamentous fungus that is saprophytic and can
be found in the air. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is known to affect
immunocompromised patients.80 sputum sample collect from cancer patient
infected with pneumonia. This sample cultured on SDA for isolation and
identification Aspergillus spp. and diagnosis by macroscopic and microscopic
examination. The result show that Aspergillus represent 26 (86.7 %) and it the
most mold causes pneumonia, A.fumigatus represent 12 (40 %) following by
A.niger 8 (26.7%),A.terrus 4(13.3%) and A.flavus 2 (6.7%).Alternaria sp.
2(6.7%) and Penicillium sp. 2 (6.7%) also isolated . the most type of cancer
that Aspergillus prevalence it is lung cancer (42.85 %), following by ovary
cancer (21.4 %), and colon, breast, osteocarcinoma, urethra, larynx as (7.14
%). the most age stage isolate Aspergillus is (>50 years) as (50 %) and the
less isolate is (21-30) as (7.14 %) . the positive isolation increased in long
duration of cancer (64.3 %) in duration more than 12 month and negative
isolation increased in short duration (1m-6m) (61.5%).
Keywords: Aspergillus sp.,
pneumonia, cancer
65. Assessment
of the Salivary level of Sphingosine kinases-1 in perio-dontitis and its
correlation with periodontal parameters
Athraa Awed Monsor1, Hadeel Mazin
Akram2,*
1
Department of Periodontics, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
2
Department of Periodontics, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
*
Correspondence: a[email protected].
[email protected]
ABSTRACT: One of the key molecules
in the conversion of sphingosine to sphingosine-1-phosphate is SPHK-1, also
known as Sphingosine Kinase 1 (SPHK-1). Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a
lipid that acts as a signaling molecule and plays an important role in
inflammatory and immunomodulatory responses. S1P has recently been identified
as a mediator as well as a biomarker in inflammatory bone diseases such as
osteo-porosis and inflammatory osteolysis based on the biological effects of
S1P in osteoclastic and osteoblastic cells as well as immune cells. According
to recent research, S1P may play a role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis,
an inflammatory bone destructive condition. This study aims to assess the
salivary level of SPHK-1 in perio-dontitis and its correlation with periodontal
parameters. The study sample consisted of 65 participants, both males, and
females. It was divided into three groups: the first group, the Healthy Control
group (15 Subjects), the second group, Periodontitis Stage II (25 Subjects),
and the third group, Periodontitis Stage III (25 Sub-jects). Collection of
whole unstimulated salivary samples from all participants was carried out,
followed by an examination of clinical periodontal parameters (plaque index,
probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, and clinical attachment level), and
then radiographs confirmed the staging of periodontitis. Collected saliva was
subjected to biomarker analysis using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
(ELISA) for the detection of the SPHK-1 level. This study found there is an
increase in the mean SPHK-1 level with increased severity of peri-odontitis
with a significant difference. In addition, positive weak correlations were
found between the salivary SPHK-1 and the clinical periodontal parameters (PLI,
BOP, PPD, CAL). The study demonstrated that the sali-vary SPHK-1 level can be
helpful to monitor periodontal disease progression.
Keywords: Periodontitis, Saliva,
Sphingosine -1 phosphate, Sphingosine kinase- 1.
66. Evaluation
of IL-32 and IL-37 levels in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Raghda Hatem Omran1,*, Zahra’a
Abdul-Raheem Ahmed2
1 College of Science for Women,
University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
2 College of Science for Women,
University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
*Corresponding author: Email:
[email protected]
Abstract: The present study aimed to
evaluate the serum level of interleukins 32 and 37 (IL-32 and IL-37) in
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. An ELISA was used to measure the levels of
cytokines in the blood of 56 RA patients and 44 healthy volunteers who were
enrolled in the study from November 2021 to March 2022. Serum levels of IL-32
and IL-37 in the RA patients were significantly higher compared to the control
groups (IL32, p = 0.035; IL37, p = 0.011). In addition, cytokine concentration
levels were higher in RA patients under therapy than in RA patients with a
first diagnosis and without therapy, with significant differences in
IL-37(141.389 ± 24.133 vs. 58.852 ± 7.806 ng/L), while there were no
significant differences in IL-32 (93.740 ± 10.835 vs. 76.722 ± 9.321 ng/L). The
results suggest that pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines may play
an essential role in the progression of RA.
Keywords:Autoimmunity, IL-32,
IL-37,Rheumatoid arthritis.
67. Estimation
of Combining Ability of Growth and Yield and Its Components of Maize under
Salicylic acid Concentrations
Hadeel S. Hamad1 , Zeyad A.
Abdulhamed2
1 Department of Crops sci - College of Agriculture/ University Of Anbar,
Ramadi. Iraq.
*Correspondence:
mailto:[email protected].
Abstract: An experiment was carried
out in the fields of Al-Hamidhyia research station - College of Agricul-ture /
Anbar University to study the concentrations of salicylic acid (0, 200 and 400
mg L-1) and fifteen geno-types (5 lines + 10 hybrids) of maize using a
randomized complete block design according to split plots ar-rangement at three
replications, the main plots included spraying of salicylic acid
concentrations, while the sub plots include maize genotypes (inbreds and
hybrids) in order to produce hybrids (superior) by introducing a group
ofinbreds and reciprocal hybrids of maize within half diallelreciprocalcrosses
program. The results showed that Zm 6inbred was significantly superior and gave
a highest general combining ability of grain yield (5.77 and 9.65) for both
seasons respectively due to its superiority in the number of rows per ear and
weight of 300 grains (0.27 and 1.48) respectively in the spring season, and
early flowering in the autumn season. Also, the spraying of salicylic acid at a
400 mgL-1was significantly superior in the all studied traitsfor both seasons
with non-significant difference withspraying of salicylic acid at a 200
mgL-1.The effect of the specific combin-ing ability (SCA) of the hybrids had a
significant effect on the studied traits, the BK116×ABS6 hybrid had a highest
specific effect on the early female flowering (-2.76), whereasthe Zm6×BK104
hybrid with control treatment had the highest specific effect on the weight of
300 grains and grain yield (13.84 and 50.12) respec-tively, in the spring
season, while the BK104×Inb27 hybrid with spraying of salicylic acid at a 400
mgL-1had a highest effect of the specificcombiningability (72.11) in the autumn
season.We recommend the spraying of salicylic acid at a 200 mg L-1 and using
superior inbredsand hybrids in general and specific combining abilityin both
seasons.
Keywords: Inbred line, hybrid, SA,
SCA, GCA.
68. Role of
Molecular Marker RAPD in Determining the Ge-netic Divergence between Hybrids
and Inbreed Lines of Maize Using Full Diallel Cross
Zeyad A. Abdulhamed1*, Baraa M.
Abdulkareem2, and Abdulsamad. H. Noaman1
1,3Department of Field Crops -
College of Agriculture/ University Of Anbar, Anbar. Iraq
.2Accommodation Dep. University of
Anbar, Iraq.
*Correspondence: mailto:[email protected]
Abstract:A field experiments were
conducted during spring and autumn seasons of 2021in the fields of a farmer on
the right side of the Euphrates River – Ramadidistrict / the center of Anbar
Governorate. Four inbreds of maize (Zm1, A119, Syn-33 and A105) were used and
introduced in a full reciprocal program to produce 12 single hy-brids. The
seeds of the parents and the resulting hybrids were planted according to
randomized complete block de-sign (RCBD)at four replications, to estimate the
heterosis. The reciprocal hybrid Syn-33 x A105 and the reverse hybrid Syn-33 x
A105 was significantly superior and gave the highest means of grain yield
(215.78, 203.10 g), grain weight (99.74 and 98.56 g), number of grains in the
ear (17.4 and 16.7 grains row-1) and heterosis (116.01 and 103.32%) in grain
yield respectively. Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was
used, 15 primers were used. The highest genetic divergence was 0.69 between Zm1
and Syn-33 inbreds, while the highest genetic divergence between inbreds and
hybrids was 0.75 between Zm1 inbred and A105 x A119hybrid.
Keywords: Primer, Heterosis,
Genetic, Polymorphic, RCR.
69. The effect
of the environment on the color variation of the shell of species Cochlicella
barbara
Nibrass Lafta Al-Doori1, and
Maysaloon Lafta Al-Doori2*
1,2 Department of Biology, College
of Education for Pure Science (Ibn Al-Haitham), University of Baghdad, Iraq.
* Correspondence: [email protected]
Abstract: The aim of this study was
to identify the colors in which the shell of the snails is colored and the
reasons for this multicolor. After choosing some areas of Baghdad, it was found
that the species Cochlicella barbara appears in more than one color, we studied
it for over than two years, it was found that this species have two sets of
colors, alight –colored group that appears in winter and the darker colors that
appears in summer. It was found from the study of the environmental conditions
that the difference in temperature had the greatest effect on the appearance of
the colors of this species.
Keywords: Gastropoda, Cochlicella
barbara, color pattern, shell polymorphism.
70. Study Gene
Expression of OXA-48and CTX-M-1 Genes Cephalosporin resistance in Escherichia
coli isolated from urinary tract infections in Baghdad hospitals
Sally S. Mohammed AL-jubouri1 ,
AbdulMuhsin Moslim Shami2
1, 2 Institute of Genetic
Engineering and Biotechnology for postgraduate studies, University of Baghdad/
Baghdad/ Iraq
*Correspondence: mailto: [email protected]
Abstract: Escherichia coli are a
normal flora in the human. is pathogenic in the patient with immune system
disorder is the leading cause of enteritis, urinary tract infection, septicemia
and other medical infections E. coli is the most common cause of community and
hospital acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs). It is responsi-ble for
>80% of all cases of UTI. This study samples were taken from Al-Karama
Teaching Hospital and Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad. This study aimed
to determine the Minimum Inhibition concentra-tion (MIC) of Ceftazidim. As well
as comparing the effect of antibiotic and without antibiotic on beta-lactam
genes (OXA-48 –CTXM-1) resistance to Cephalosporin where the there is an
overexpression of gene ex-pression in the antibiotic between (125-64) µg/ml.
Bacteria produce beta-lactam enzymes that break down the beta-lactam ring in
the antibiotic, which reduces the effectiveness of antibiotics. This mechanism
is one of the mechanisms of resistance in bacteria. The presence of both genes
increases the resistance of this species to Cephalosporin.The results of gene
expression when treated with antibiotics for the OXA-48 gene in his sam-ple
were 1.4 and the highest value was 14.5, as well as for the CTX-M-1 gene, where
the results ranged be-tween the lowest value 1.3 and the highest value 7.3,
when compared to the control samples, we notice an overexpression of gene. It
was concluded that the resistance of E. coli to Ceftazidim was related to the
genes blaOXA45 and CTXM-1 but the main role may be due to blaOXA45.
Keywords: Gene Expression, OXA-48
Gene, CTX-M-1 Gene, Cephalosporin, Escherichia coli
71. Study Gene
Expression of blaOXA-48 andblaVIM-1Genes Car-bapenemsResistance in Klebsiella
Pneumoniae isolated from uri-nary tract infections in Baghdad hospital's
Zeaid Hafez Aboud1, AbdulMuhsin M.
Shami2 and Barra Jawad Kadhim3
1,2 Institute of Genetic Engineering
and Biotechnology for Postgraduate Studies University of Baghdad, Baghdad,Iraq.
3Central public health Laboratory,
Baghdad, Iraq
*Correspondence: mailto:
[email protected]
Abstract: Klebsiella pneumoniae has
emerged as one of the most eight important causes of urinary tract infec-tion
(UTI). With increasing resistance to antibiotics, especially carbapenems.About
one hundred eight samples of urine were collected from inpatient and
outpatients who attended they were collected at three Baghdad hospi-tals: two
from Karkh (AL-Yarmouk hospital and Al-karamu hospital), and one from Rusafa
(AL-Baghdad ed-ucational hospital). A minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)
test was done using the Microtiter plate method and demonstrated different
levels of resistance against meropenem antibiotics. Gene expression of
blaOXA-48 and blaVIM-1 genes was performed when treated with meropenem
antibiotic using the Real-time PCR tech-nique. The study showed that the
highest value of gene expression in the blaOXA-48 gene was recorded for the
resistant group was (1.8705), the lowest value of gene expression OXA-48 gene, before
treatedwiththe mero-penem group was (1.0312), and the value of gene expression
in the non-treated group was (0.97) control, while A slight increase in the
value of gene expression for the blaVIM-1 gene was recorded for the meropenem
treated group (1.8705), and the sensitive group had a gene expression value was
(1.00), and the lowest value was in the gene expression of the meropenem
treated group (1.0312), as well as an increase in the value of the
expression.The genotype of the blaVIM-1gene for the meropenem treated group
(1.828),is based on the 2-ΔCt method for both genes. When using the 2-ΔΔCt
method, gene expression was slightly different in both genes. When relying on
the 2-ΔΔCt method, the gene expression was slightly different in both genes. It
was conclud-ed that coexistence of both blaVIM-1 and blaOXA-48 genes in four
strains of K.pneumoniae, while indicating widespread VIM-1,and OXA-48 in
Baghdad, Iraq.
Keywords: Klebsiella Pneumonia,
blaOXA-48,and blaVIM-1, UTI infection
72. Relation
between interferon gamma gene expression and its serum level with thyroid
hormone status and Ferritin level in Iraqi sickle cell anemia patients
Bushra Jasim Mohammed1,*
1 Institute of genetic engineering
and biotechnology, University of Baghdad, Iraq
Corresponding author: Email:
[email protected]
Abstract: The hereditary
hemoglobinopathy known as sickle cell disease is characterized by abnormal
hemoglobin synthesis, hemolytic anemia, and intermittent obstruction of tiny
blood arteries. The current investigation amid to study the relation between
interferon gamma gene expression and its
serum level with thyroid hormone status and Ferritin level in sickle cell
anemia patients. Blood samples were
collected from 50 patients suffering from SCA, as well as 50 healthy volunteers
as a control group. The results of the relation of IFN-γ serum level with levels of T3, T4 and TSH,
appeared positive relationship between IFN-γ serum and TSH levels, while found inverse
association to T3 and T4 levels with high significance, also showed high IFN-γ
gene expression(10.78 ±5.06 Fold) in
patient group as compared with control (2.079 ±0.52 Fold) at significant difference, as well as the
results found acquire strong positive association between IFN-γ serum level and
IFN-γ mRNA expression in patient group compared with the control group. The
current study concluded that there was inverse association among T3,T4 and
IFN-γ serum with high significance, also
high gene expression of IFN-γ, and acquire strong positive association between
IFN-γ serum level and IFN-γ mRNA expression.
Keywords: IFN-γ, SCA, Ferritin, TSH, T3, T4
73. Effect of
Artemisia vulgaris L. Aqueous Extract on Some Germina-tion Properties and
Seedling Growth of Wheat
Raghad M. K. Al-Awsi1, and Dalia S.
Hassan2
1,2Department of Field Crops,
College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad. Iraq.
*Correspondence:
mailto:[email protected]
Abstract: A laboratory experiment
was carried out during winter season of 2021 in the Seed Technology La-boratory
- College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences / University of Baghdad, to find
out the allopathic ef-fects of aerobic and terrestrial aqueous extracts of artemisia
on the seed germination and seedling growth of wheat. A factorial experiment
according to a completely randomized design (CRD)at three replicates was used;
the first factor includedtype of aqueous extract fortwo plant parts which were
aerobic (stems and leaves) and terrestrial (rootand rhizomes), while the second
factor included five concentrations for each aqueous extract of plant part (0,
25, 50, 75 and 100%). The results showed that there was significant effectof
aqueous extract typeson the studied traits; the terrestrial aqueous extract
gave the highest germination percentage (70.00%) and radicle dry weight (0.0487
g). Also, the concentration of 50% of artemisial aqueous extract was
significantly superior and achieved the highest germination percentage
(80.00%), shoot dry weight (0.0500 g), whereas the-concentration of 25% was
significantly superior in the shoot length (7.47 cm) and radicle dry weight
(0.0567 g), while the concentration of 75%was significantly superior in the
radicle length (4.17 cm). The interaction be-tween two factors had significant
effect on theradicle length and radicle dry weight only.
Keywords: Artemisia, weed,
allopathic effects,phenolic compound.
74. Study the
effect of the different doses from laser on Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria
growth in vitro
Elaf Ahmed Mustafa1, Numan S.
Dawood2*, khalil Ismail A. Mohammed3
1,2Department of physiology, College
of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq; [email protected]
3Clinical Communicable Diseases
Unit, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq;
*Correspondence:
[email protected]; [email protected]
,Mobile: 009647704376528
Abstract: Background:Laser is a
novel physical therapy technique used to treat a variety of conditions, includ-ing
wound healing, inhibition of bacterial growth, and postoperative wounds.
High-Power pulsed alexandrite laser therapy is one of the most prevalent forms
of laser therapy, which is a noninvasive method for treating a variety of
pathological conditions, thereby enhancing functional capacities and quality of
life. It is a modern medical and physiotherapeutic technology. Generally, the
Alexandrite laser emits infrared light with a wave-length of 755 nm, allowing
it to propagate and penetrate tissues. Objective: This study focused on the
applica-tion of a high-power pulsed alexandrite laser in vitro to evaluation of
the effect of a pulsed alexandrite laser on antibiotic-resistant bacteria
utilizing varying exposure times, pulse durations, and laser fluencies to
determine which dose is more effective on S. aureus bacteria. Method:The laser used
in this study
was the alexandrite laser which was considered as
pulsed laser and had
the following parameters: The wavelength was 755 nm, the
beam diameter was (14 mm), the exposure times varied (30, 60, 90) seconds, the
laser fluency (5, 10, 15 and 20 J.Cm-2). The study was carried out after the
bacteria were diagnosed as being resistant to antibiotics, they were exposed to
different doses of Alexandrite laser. Three samples of bacteria were exposed to
laser beams for 30 seconds with a 5ms of pulse duration and with a laser
fluency of 5J/cm2 and this process were repeated with laser fluencies of 10,
15, and 20. This procedure was repeated using exposure times of 60sec and
90sec. As well as, this process was repeated by expose with 30 sec, 60 sec and
90 sec exposure times, 10ms and 20ms pulse durations and with different laser
fluencies 5, 10, 15 and 20J/cm2, separately.Results: A sig-nificant reduction
(p = <0.0001) in the mean values of colony observed with the increase of
laser fluency doses in comparison with control at the same pulse duration. As
well as, a significant reduction (p = <0.0001) in the mean count of the
colonies were observed with in comparison between two laser fluenceis at the
same pulse duration. In conclusion the exposure times, pulse durations and
laser fluencies of pulsed alexandrite laser shown effect on of mean count of
the colonies of S aureus bacteria and determine effective dose.
Keywords: laser, Staphylococcus
aureus, Bacteria growth
75. Study of the
effect of Diabetes Mellitus I on Bone Mineral Density of Upper and Lower Limbs
by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry
Zainab Sami Abdel Aziz1, Numan S.
Dawood2*, Maan H. Al-khalisy3
1,2 Department of physiology,
College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq;
3Department of Anatomy, College of
Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq;
*Correspondence: [email protected];
Mobile: 009647704376528
Abstract: Background: Bone mineral
density (BMD) has been assessed using Dual-Energy X-Ray Ab-sorptiometry (DEXA).
This procedure is considered to be of vital importance to assessing the general
condi-tion of individuals with regard to their skeletal mineralization. BMD is
measured according to the results of the DEXA examination of the vertebral
column and pelvis. Although diabetes mellitus (DM)is known to af-fect BMD, the
information regarding this relationship is not currently particularly clear.
Objective: This study concentrates on the point that the assessment of BMD for
the vertebral column is not sufficient to give a realistic and a correct
picture about the mineralization of the remaining part of skeleton. Besides,
this study elicited a generalized view about mineralization of the different
parts of the body between both genders and between the left and right sides of
the body. The effect of DM I on BMD was evaluated well in this research. Method:
This study involved 165 patients complaining of bone pain (85 male and 80
female), about half of whom suffered from diabetes, involving both genders.
Further, 90 apparently healthy volunteers had been studied and were considered
to constitute the control group. All individuals (255) in this study were
exposed to the study of their BMD via DEXA for all parts of the body. Results:
The DEXA exam revealed highly statistically significant differences between the
sides of the body in the same subject. In addition, there was significant
differences in BMD between females and males, and highly statistically
significant differences between the control and patient groups with DM I.
Finally, this study offered strong evidence that the BMD of the vertebral
column and pelvis did not give an accurate picture of mineralization in the
different parts of the body for a given subject. In conclusion the DEXA scan
for whole body and for each part separately show promising gresults as
alternative parameters of the DEXA scan for spine or hip only for accurate
di-agnosis. Our results indicate that the BMD of the left and right sides for
women was less than for men in all cases (normal, osteoporosis, and DMI with
osteoporosis) for the same sides, as well as between their upper and lower
limbs. Patients with DMI revealed significant reductions in BMD in comparison
with other sub-jects who were not diabetic, even if they had osteoporosis.
Keywords: DEXA scan, Osteoporosis,
DMI, BMD
76. Distribution
of Enterotoxogenic E. coli and EnteroinvasiveE. coli Among Children with Severe
Diarrhea in AL najaf AL Ashraf / Iraq
Malak Kahtan Jamal1, Ahlam Kadhum
Naeem2, and Hawraa I. Kadhim3
1.3Department of Medical
Laboratory Techniques, Al- Hadi
University College, Baghdad-10011, Iraq
2Kufa University / Faculty of
Education for Girls
*Correspondence :[email protected]
Abstract: Diarrhea is the second
most important disease that cause death in children under 5 years old. This
research aimed to investigate the prevalence of Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC)
and Enterotoxogenic E. coli (ETEC) associated with diarrhea among children less
than 5 years. One hundred stool samples have been collected from children under
5 years old whom suffering from acute diarrhea. All samples are cultured on
MacConkey agar and Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) for detection of Diarrheagenic E.
coli (DEE). DNA extraction was carried out and PCR technique. was used for
amplification of stp gene for detection of ETEC and ipaH gene for detection of
EIEC. The results showed wide distribution
of DEC (45%) among male and female where a high percentage of infection
occurred among male (60%) in Compression with female (40%). The results of
Agarose gel electrophoresis observed that 33% of isolates were possess ipaH
which revealed that these isolates were belong to EIEC while 22% of isolates
were possess stp gene which revealed that these isolates were belong to EHEC .
In conclusion, diarrhea may associate with EIEC and EHEC in addition to EPEC.
Keywords: Enterotoxogenic E. coli
,Enteroinvasive E. coli , Children with Severe Diarrhea , polymerase chain
reaction PCR
77. Inducing
Resistance Against Seed Rot and Damping off Disease In-fecting Bell Pepper
Using Some Antioxidants and its Reflection on Seedling Protection Under
Greenhouse Conditions
Alaa R. Mousa1 and Aalaa K. Hassan2
1Ministry Of Agriculture,
Agricultural Research Department plant protection department.
2Ministry of Higher Education and
Scientific Researchplant protection department.
*Correspondence:
[email protected].
Abstract: Agreenhouse experiment was
performed to assess the efficacy of some bio-control agents and glu-tathione to
induce resistance in pepper plants against damping off disease caused by the
fungus Rhi-zoctoniasolani. The fungus Trichodermaviridewas highly efficient to
inhabit R.solani in growth medium when
scored 1.33 highest antagonistic ability. The bacterium Azospirillum
brasilensecould inhibit the patho-genic fungus on PDA growth medium by 100% at
10-5 concentration. Whereas, glutathione and Beltanol pesti-cide control scored
100% growth inhibition at 3000 and 2000 mg/Lm respectively. Greenhouse
experiment showed T.viride, A. brasilense and
glutathione (G) combination treatment decreased infectivity and disease
severity up to 0.00 and 0. 00%, respectively, compared to 56.67 and 55.00% for R.solani only treatment. While, (G + R.
solani ), (T. viride +R.solani) , (T. viride + G +R.solani) and (A. brasilense
+ G +R.solani) scored 3.33, 33.33, 10.00 and 10.00% infectivity and 1.67, 1.67.
6.67 and 8.33 % disease severity, respective-ly. Besides, the combination (T.
viride+ A. brasilense + G) scored the highest plant height, dry and wet weights
and total chlorophyll content which were 100.00 cm, 87.33 and 32.08 gm/plant
and 60.00 SPAD unit, respectively.
Keywords: Seed Rot, Damping off
Disease, Bell Pepper, Greenhouse Conditions
78. Studying the
Genetic Parameters of Some Cultivars of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) and
Evaluating Their Performance under Different Levels of Phosphorous
Ali H. Algraishi1, Faez F. Alogaidi2
1 Directorate of Agriculture in
Wassit.
2Coll. of Agric. Univ. of Baghdad.
*Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: A A field experiment was carried out during
winter season of 2021-2022 in the
research station - College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of
Baghdad in order to studying the genetic parameters of some cultivars of faba
bean cultivars and evaluating their performance under different levels of
phosphorus. Spilt plots arrangement according to randomized complete block
design (RCBD) at three replications was used, the main plots included three
levels of phosphorous fertilizer (80, 120 and 160 Kg ha-1) as well as the
control treatment (without fertilizer), while the subplots included four faba
bean cultivars (Local, Spanish, Dutch and New Zea-land).The results showed
highly significant effects of phosphorous fertilizer levels on the moststudied
traits, as the adding ofphosphorous fertilizerat a 160 Kg ha-1gave the highest
means of number of pods per plant (17.78 pods plant-1) and seed yield (4.403
tons ha-1). Also, the results showed that the faba bean cultivars were
significantly dif-ferent in most studied traits, as the Local cultivar achieved
a highest mean of number of pods per plant (16.95pod plant-1), whereas the
Dutch cultivar achieved a highest mean of number of seeds per pod (5.78seed
pod-1), whereas the Spanish cultivar achieved a highest mean of weight of 100
seeds (86.95 g) and seed yield (5.295 ton ha-1). The interaction between
studied factors had non-significant effect on the all studied traits except the
number of pods per plant.The genetic variance recorded greater values than the
environmental variance values in most of the studied traits, which indicates
that the genetic variance was a large contribution to the phenotypic variance.
Keywords: Genetic indicators,
phosphorous, Vicia faba L.,GCV, PCV.
79. Effects of
general and specific combining ability and interaction between them for double
crosses in zucchini squash (Cucurbita pepo L.)
Ayman H. Hamdan1*, Hussein A.
Al-Zubaae2
1,2Department of Horticulture and
Landscape, College of Agriculture, University of Anbar.
*Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: Six inbred lines of squash
(Cucurbita pepo L.) were used in this study, which were introduced into a
half-diallel crossing program to derive 15 single cross hybrids. Single cross
hybrids were introduced into a double cross according to Rawlings and Cockerham
method to derive 45 double cross hybrids and included them in a variety trial
experiment, and estimation of the general and specific combining ability and
gene action of the traits studied. The results showed highly significant
differences for the mean squares of deviations for the double crosses in all
the studied traits. Inbred lines 6, 4 and 1 showed the highest general
combining ability with the desired direction on fruit diameter and plant yield,
respectively. Also, the double cross hybrids of or-der S1x2, t(23)(..),
t(2.)(6.) showed the highest effect of the specific combining ability to combine on plant yield. Therefore,
the effects of the specific combining ability are more important than the
effects of the general combining ability in most of the studied traits,
including the plant yield,referring to the importance of the dom-inant genet
action and the dominant × dominant in the inheritance of these traits.
Keywords: Genetic, squash,
half-diallel, combining ability , single cross , Double cross, breeding plant,
hybrids.
80. Relationship
between Toll-like receptors and pathogenesis of Sys-temic Lupus Erythematosus
Basma Ahmed Ratib1, *, Asmaa
Mohammed Saud2
1 Biotechnology Department‚ College
of Science‚ University of Baghdad ‚ Baghdad, Iraq
*
Correspondence: [email protected]
Abstract: Systemic Lupus
Erythematosus is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by a loss of
self-antigen tolerance and the development of high titers of serum autoantibodies,
with a wide range of clinical man-ifestations and complex etiologies. Its
etiology is influenced by a variety of genetic, hormonal, immunologic, and
environmental factors. SLE affects around 90% of women of reproductive age. The
study's aim is to eval-uate the serum levels of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) in
a sample of Iraqi SLE patients and its potential relation-ship with other
clinical and laboratory parameters. The study included 100 female patients and
50 healthy fe-males with an age range of (16-65) years old and healthy
individuals with an age range of (16-65) years old, and mean ages of (35.72
±11.66 and 35.72 ±11.66) respectively.
The current study is performed to estimate the serum levels of (TLR7,
ANA, Urea, creatinine, and Vitamin D3) and a laboratory investigation for ESR,
hemoglobin, and white blood cells by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA)and automated Fujifilm. Serum levels of TLR7 were increased in the
SLE patients compared to control, and a significant dif-ference has been
observed (P≤0.01) among SLE patients as compared to control. Urea, creatinine,
and ESR were significantly higher, at the same time the Vitamin D3, hemoglobin,
and white blood cells were significant-ly lower (p< 0.01) among SLE patients
as compared to control. On the other hand, there was no evidence for any
correlation between TLR7 serum level and disease laboratory investigation.
Keywords: Anti-nuclear autoantibody,
Haemoglobin, Interferon, SLE, Toll-Like Receptor-7, WBC.
81. Treatment of
shallow and deep white spot lesions with three different mouth washes evaluated
by laser fluorescence (an in vitro study)
Hussein Ali Abdul Hadi 1, Akram
Faisal Alhuwaizi 2
"1Master student, Department of
Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
2 Professor, Department of
Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
* Correspondence: Hussein ali abdo
al_hadi, Department of Orthodontic, College of Dentistry, University of
Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract: Aim: the aim of this
research is to find how three different types of mouthwashes effect on lesion
depth of artificial white spot lesion. teeth with various depth of white spot
lesion were immersed in either splat mouth wash, Biorepair mouth wash,
Sensodyne mouth wash, artificial saliva (control)twice daily for one minute for
4 week and 8 weeks at 37°C. After this immersion procedure, lesion depth was
measured using diagnodent pen score. A one-way analysis of variance, Dunnett T3
and Tukey's post hoc α = .05, were used to analyze the testing data. splat
mouth wash enhance the WSL remineralization and made the lowest ΔF compared
with other mouth washes in both shallow and deep enamel after 4 weeks and 8
weeks of treatment. In the biorepair groups, after 4 weeks of treatment
significant recovery was observed in shallow enamel. further improvement in
shallow WSL after 8 weeks of treatment with biorepair mouthwash was observed in
comparison to Sensodyne and control group. splat mouth wash is more effective
than other mouth washes in remineralizing two depths of WSLs at different time
points.
Keywords: DIAGNOdent pen, Shallow
enamel, Deep enamel, white spot lesion.
82. The effect
of different enamel surface preparations on microleak-age under orthodontic
brackets
Ayat Asaad Ali *, Alan Issa Saleem
Orthodontic Department at College of
dentistry /University of Baghdad.
* Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: Microleakage is caused by
a number of factors, including polymerization shrinkage of the resin, thermal
expansion differences between the enamel and the adhesive, and inadequate
adherence. This study's goal is to assess the microleakage value under
orthodontic brackets after three distinct enamel surface prepara-tions and
compare the results to the traditional procedure. 54 intact upper premolars
were randomly distributed into three groups. First group 18 teeth etched with
36% phosphoric acid Dentsply. Second group 18 teeth etched with %1.23 acidulated
phosphate fluoride (APF) incorporated phosphoric acid 25%APF 75%phosphoric acid Dentsply. Third group 18
teeth etched with Trans. bond TM Plus Self-Etching prime 3M Unitek, Monrovia,
USA. Then all groups bonded to stainless steel brack-ets RAZOR, IOS, USA
according manufacturer’s instructions using light cured composite 3M Unitek/
Mon-rovia, USA. Then each subgroup furtherly divided to 3 subgroups 6 teeth
each. The first subgroup thermocy-cled 500 cycle between 5 C and 55 UC in
deionized water and tested after 24 hours of water storage. The sec-ond
subgroup also thermocycled and tested after 2 month of water storage. Third
subgroup subjected to cyclic acid attack for 2 months by an acidic solution
pH=2.5. Microleakage was evaluated using a dye penetration technique. All
samples are sectioned and evaluated under stereomicroscope. For statistical
analysis, the Krus-kal-Wallis test was employed. P=0.05 was the level of
significance. a significant difference was between etch-ing groups following a
thermocycle and a twenty four - hour water storage, no significant difference
after thermocycling and two months water storage and significant difference at
the occlusal side and between overall means of compared etching groups. This
study revealed that the highest microleakage values were in SEP self-etch prime
group then EF 1.23% APF incorporated phosphoric acid group and lastly the ER
36% phosphoric acid group. The gingival side had more microleakage than the
occlusal side. Adding around 20-25 percent of 1.23 percent of phosphoric acid
for enamel preparation before orthodontic bonding increase microleakage val-ues
but SEP remains the highest one.
Keywords: Microleakage, Self-etch
prime, Acidulated phosphate fluoride, Stainless steel brackets
83. Effect of
P-glycoprotein inhibitor (Carvedilol) on pharmacological and hematological
effects of its substrate (methotrexate) to preg-nant and lactating rat mothers
Zaid Khalaf Shnawa1, Duraid Abdul
Hadi Abass2
"1 Department of community
health techniques, Baquba technical institute, Middle technical university.
2 Department of physiology and
pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Baghdad university.
*
Correspondence: Email: [email protected]
Abstract: Sixty albino rats (40
female rats and 20 males) were allocated into four dosing groups administered
orally carvedilol (T1) 0.72mg/kg, methotrexate (T2) 0.36mg/kg, combined doses
(T3) carvedilol + methotrex-ate and control group (Distilled water) for 2 month
in male and 2 weeks in female rats before mating and after copulation and
approval of pregnancy, dosing continued in female groups during pregnancy and
lactation peri-ods. Half of the animal groups were euthanized one day before
parturation to determine P-gp concentration in placenta and liver of pregnant
mothers, while the other half left for parturation and lactation to study the
effects of carvedilol (P-gp inhibitor) on methotrexate (P-gp substrate) when
given alone and in combination on some pharmcological, hemotological and
biochemical parameters in lactating mothers and pups at the end of lactation.
The pharmacological results showed the highest significant antinociceptive responses both in early and
late phase in T3 (CV+MTX) followed by T2 (MTX) group, while T1 (Cv) animal
group showed nearly resamblant results as that of control group in both early
and late phase of formalin test. The writhe test also recorded same result as
formlin test indicating significantly higher analgesic effect in T3 followed by
T2 in comparison T1 and control groups. The TNF alpha results supported the
anti-inflammatory effect recording a significant decline mainly in T3 then T2
groups. The hematological results
recorded significantly more reduc-tion in WBC levels in mother and their pups
in comparison with T1 and control groups. The serum electrolyte levels (Na+,
K+, Ca+2) recorded in all treated groups
and pups a significant increase in potassium level in T1 and T2 mother rat
groups. The P-glycoprotein (P-gp) concentration measured in liver and placenta
of euthen-ized pregnant mother before delivery recorded potent inhibition of
P-gp in T1 & T3 groups which might altered pharmacokinetic and
pharmacodynamic effects of substrate by carvedilol that considered a potent
P-gp inhibi-tor drugs, this might explain our results of increase in
pharmacological effect of methotrexate and their side ef-fect on electrolyte
concentration and hematology in combined group of CV+ MTX.
Key words: Carvedilol, Methotrexate,
p-gp inhibitor, Anti-inflammatory, Hematology, Electrolyte.
84. Metal
complexes of pyrazoline dithiocarbamate type ligands, syn-thesis,
physio-chemical and liquid crystal studies
Nehaya A.AL-Satar1, Jumbad H.
Tomma2,*, Hassan. A. Hassan3,*
"1 Department of Chemistry.
College of Education for Pure Science Ibn -Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad,
Iraq
2 Department of Chemistry. College
of Education for Pure Science Ibn -Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Iraq
3 Department of Chemistry. College
of Education for Pure Science Ibn -Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Iraq
*
Correspondence: [email protected]
"
Abstract: In this study metal
complexes of thiocarbamat ligand derived from pyrazoleine were synthesized by
two steps. In the first step pyrazoline was synthesized from chalcone, in the
second step the preligand (pyrazo-line) was reacted with CS2 and metal salt in
1:2:1mole ratio in a one pot reaction to give metal complexes. All compounds
were characterized by physio-chemical techniqs, which revealed a bidentate
behavior of the thio-carbamat and an
tetrahedral geometry around metal centers except chromium ion which shows
octahedral shap. The liquid crystalline properties of the synthesized compounds
were studied by hot stage microscopes. The compound [II] exhibited Nematic
mesophase, while the complexes showed different crystalline properteis
Keywords: Pyrazoline,
Dithiocarbamat, Complexes, polar group, Liquid crystal.
85. FSCN1 Gene
Expression Influence on Breast Cancer in Iraqi Patients
Rifaat M. Rifaat* and Mohammed I.
Nader
"Institute of Genetic
Engineering and Biotechnology for Postgraduate Studies, University of Baghdad,
Baghdad, Iraq.
* Correspondence: [email protected]
Abstract: Our investigation aim was
to ascertain how the Fascin actin-bundling protein 1 (FSCN1) gene affected
breast cancer patients and how it affected the molecular type of the disease
(Luminal A, Luminal B, Triple negative, Enrich Her2).By collecting the blood
samples from sixty patients with Breast cancer from many hospitals in
Baghdad/Iraq between the periods (October 2021 to August 2022) and collecting
forty volunteers heaths as control.The volunteer's blood samples were collected
and tested with Cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) to confirm absent breast cancer.
The blood and control samples from these patients were collected, the RNA was
extracted, and molecular methods using PCR and primers that specifically target
the FSCN1 gene were used. The results showed that genes found in all patient
samples have overexpression compared to healthy volunteers, and we also
discovered differences in expression between the molecular types of breast
cancer. We discovered that the Triple negative breast cancer is more affected
than Luminal A, Luminal B, and Enrich Her2.
Keywords: Breast Cancer, Molecular
classification breast cancer, Fascin Actin Bundling protein 1 genes.
86. Nesfatin-1
is a biomarker that plays a role in the inflammatory process of coronary artery
diseases in Iraqi patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Mohammed S. Mahmud* and Lamia S.
Ashoor
"Biotechnology Department‚ College
of Science‚ University of Baghdad ‚ Baghdad, Iraq
* Correspondence: [email protected]
Abstract: Amis: NAFLD is considered
to be the most common cause of liver conditions worldwide, also it is major
reason that leads the coronary artery diseases, limiting blood flow to the
heart. Therefore, This study aimed to evaluate the serum level of Nesfatin-1
and its ability to indicate the prognosis of CAD in patients with NAFLD.
Material & Methods: one-hundred eighty Individuals were enrolled in the study
including both genders, blood were collected from each Individuals and sent to
the laboratory for biochemical tests. Findings: Data from the current study
showed a significant increase in Nesfatin-1 in CAD group, and a significant
decrease in Nesfatin-1 in NAFLD group compared to the control group. In
addition, also a significant increase in both cardiac parameters and AST, in
CAD group compared to NAFLD group and control group. Conclusion: Patients with
coronary artery disease have higher Nesfatin-1 Concentration, due to Nesfatin-1
having anti-inflammatory properties that raise the level of Nesfatin-1. In
addition, Data from the current study showed a significant positive correlation
between Nesfatin-1 and (ALT and AST) in NAFLD patients, however further studies
are needed to confirm this conclusion.
Keywords: Coronary Artery Disease,
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Nesfatin-1, Troponin-I
87. The
expression miRNA-195 in a sample of Iraqi breast cancer patients.
Ahmed Nasser Ibraheem AL-saqabi and
Ismail Hussein Aziz*
"Institute of Genetic
Engineering and Biotechnology for postgraduate studies, University of Baghdad,
Baghdad, Iraq
*Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: Breast carcinoma is the
most prevalent cancer-related cause of death in women, and metastasis is the
main factor in morbidity. The total number of new cases of cancer in Iraq
during the year 2019 was 35,864. For the rapid recognition and differentiation
between breast cancer (BC) stages for treatment choice improvement, new
non-invasive prognostic biomarkers are needed. MicroRNA (miRNA) are small,
non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression and involved in many cellular
processes, including metastasis. Circulating miRNAs (detect in the blood) show
considerable potential as biomarkers for helping diagnosis or tracking
treatment efficacy. Materials and Methods, total RNA was extracted from serum
from (n=50) patients and (n=26) healthy control to measure the MicroRNA 195
expression by using SYBR green-based real-time RT-PCR technology. Result, the
expression levels of miR-195 in breast cancer patients’ serum were greatly
increased (up-regulated) when compared with those in the normal adjacent serum.
BC group showed a higher significantly miR-195 expression (upregulation) when
compared with those in the control group. While the highest expression of
miR-195 was recorded in stage II.
Keywords: Breast Cancer, MicroRNA,
miR-195, Stage, Iraq
88. Impact of
Shore A hardness and Surface roughness of Room Temperature Maxillofacial
Silicone after addition of Nano Barium Titanate
Aseel F. Kumail 1 , Thekra I. Hamad
1
"1 Department, College of
Dentistry/ University of Baghdad, Iraq
* Correspondence: [email protected]
Abstract: Background: In order to
achieve patient acceptability, maxillofacial prosthetic materials should have
desirable and ideal physical, cosmetic, and biological features that can be
maintained for a long time. The mechanical qualities of the prosthetic
material, as well as color degradation, are the most typical reasons for
re-making maxillofacial prostheses.Aim of this study: This study aimed to
evaluate the effect of addition of Barium Titanate (BaTiO3) Nano fillers in different
concentrations on surface hardness and surface roughness of VST-50 room
temperature vulcanized maxillofacial silicone. Results: In the FTIR, there was no interac-tion
between Nano-BaTiO3 and VST-50 silicone. After adding BaTiO3, an AFM image revealed
the surface topography or morphology of the silicone surfaces of specimens, as
well as an increase in the roughness of the VST-50 silicone elastomer. When
compared to the control group, the 1% more hardness and less roughness than 2 %
groups. Conclusions: VST-50 maxillofacial silicone was reinforced with 1% and
2% Nano BaTiO3 concentrations, which improved numerous mechanical properties of
the room temperature vulcanized silicone.
Keywords: Silicone, Nano Barium
Titanate, solar radiation
89. Nanohydroxyapatite
in enamel remineralization and tooth hyper-sensitivity
Marwa hussein abd1, Rasha H. Jehad 2
"1 Master Student, Department
of Restorative and Aesthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of
Bagh-dad
2 Assistant Professor, Department of
Restorative and Aesthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of
Baghdad.
* Correspondence: [email protected]
Abstract: The aim of this study is
evaluate the advantages of employing nano-hydroxyapatite in dentistry,
par-ticularly for preventive, treatment applications. Only electronic published
papers were searched within this re-view. Sources: “PubMed” website was the
only source used to search for data. 92 most relevant papers to the topic were
selected, especially the original articles and review papers, from 1990 till
the 1st of april 2022. The morphology of nano-hydroxyapatite, as well as the
structure of its crystals, are close to that of dental enamel. As a result,
hydroxyapatite can biomimetically replace the natural enamel mineral element.
Keywords: remineralization of
enamel, nanotechnology, nanohydroxyapatite, hypersensitivity.
90. The effect
of vitamin D deficiency on the cellular immunity of pa-tients in the
early-stage of COVID-19 disease
Ali Sadeg, Abbas Arrak
College of Science, Mustansiriyah
university, Biology department
* Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: COVID-19 is a disease with
a wide range of symptoms and severity due to the ability of SARS-COV-2 to infect many kinds of tissues
and organs in the patient's body. The disease begins commonly with symptoms of
respiratory tract infection that may be mild and limited or progress to severe
infection with fatal consequences. The vitamins play essential roles in our
biology including supporting immunity. Vitamin D deficiency became a public
problem and its effect as an immunomodulator in many viral infections was
approved. This study investigated the effect of vitamin D deficiency on the
cellular immunity, especially lymphocytes, in COVID-19 patients when the
disease is in its early stages. Tests for the complete blood count, lymphocyte
proliferation assay in response to non-specific mitogen, and immunoglobulins
levels were done. The study revealed no sig-nificant effect of vitamin D
deficiency on the T-lymphocytes activation at the early stage of the infection.
Vitamin D deficient patients have lower immunoglobulin levels, necessitat-ing
the need for vaccination against COVID-19 infection.
Keywords: COVID-19, lymphocyte
proliferation, mitotic index, vitamin D
91. The effect
of COVID-19 infection on the white blood cells count and lymphocyte proliferation
activity at the early stage of the disease
Ali Sadeg, Abbas Arrak
College of Science, Mustansiriyah
university, Biology department
* Correspondence: [email protected]
Abstract: Since the appearance of
COVID-19 in the end of December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and its prevalence in
many countries , the symptoms of this disease extended from respiratory
problems to a wide range of symptoms associated with the invasion of the virus to many organs and
tissues in the body of patients. The white blood cells, particu-larly T
lymphocytes, are the main effectors in defense against viral infections, this
study performed to investigate the response of white blood cells to the
infection of SARS-COV-2 at the early
stage of the disease. T cells decreased in number in the circulation but this
de-crease did not associste with an impairment of their activity. Moreover,
stimulation of vi-rus infected T cells with non-specific mitogen revealed
increased cell proliferation. This study concluded that T lymphocytes are
highly activated during SARS-COV-2 infection, despite lymphopenia, at least at
the early stages of the disease.
Keywords: COVID-19, lymphocyte
proliferation, mitotic index
92. Effect of
Baker Yeast crude Killer Toxin on some Pathogenic Microorganisms
Aows Habeb Al-Obaydi 1 , Nibras
Nazar Mahmood 2 ,Baydaa Alwan,3
"Microbiology Department,
College of Sciences, University of Al-Mustansiriyah, Iraq.
Corresponding author E-mail: Aows
[email protected] .
Abstract: Many microorganisms,
including yeasts, produce protein substances that are toxic to other
microorganisms in the competitive communities in which they live. Bread yeast
is one of these unicellular microorganisms that produce these inhibitory
sub-stances. This study's objective is to look at the effects of killer toxins
produced by bread yeast on test bacteria and fungi. According to the findings,
the inhibitory activity increased with increasing the concentration of the
supernatant and it differed in the extent of its ef-fect according to the type
of bacteria and E.coli isolate was the most sensitive to the yeast killer
toxin. The ideal conditions for
producing killer toxins were to be yeast cultivation in GYEPB , PH at 5.5, incubation at 30 c for 24
hours, and ventilation.
Keywords: Baker yeast, Killer toxin,
Antimicrobial activity, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Op-timum condition.
93. Effect of
purified killer toxin that extracted from Saccharomy-ces cerevisiae on some
pathological microorganisms cause uri-nary tract infections
Aows Habeb Al-Obaydi 1 , Nibras
Nazar Mahmood 2 ,Baydaa Alwan,3
"Microbiology Department, College
of Sciences, University of Al-Mustansiriyah, Iraq.
Abstract: Ecological killer yeasts
have had few studies compared with laboratory killer yeasts. The killer yeasts
are known for excreting killer toxins that kill susceptible mi-croorganisms,
such as killer toxin excreted by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The current study
aims to extract and purify the Killer toxin of S.cerevisiae as well as study
their inhibitory activity against a number of microorganisms isolated from
urinary tract infection. The sensitivity of the isolates was studied by
bacterial exposure to a number of antibiotics after being diagnosed by cultural
and biochemical methods, as well as by using the Vitek2 sys-tem to confirm the
diagnosis of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, the most re-sistant
isolates were selected in subsequent experiments. Purification steps included
the use of (NH4)2SO4 78-70% saturated solution and Sephacryl G-150, giving one
peak that was collected to give inhibition zones of 31, 28, 8.5, 85, 12, 24 mm
diameter for E.coli, P.mirabilis, K.pneumoniae, P.aeruginosa, S.aureus, and
C.albicans, respectively, with a 771.77% yield from the total protein 0.090
mg\ml of yeast crude extract. The well diffusion method was used to investigate
the inhibitory activity of the purified toxin. The results showed that the
inhibitory activity of purified toxin was increased after each purification
step, and differed in its effect according to the type of microorganisms, and
that the isolate of E. coli was the most sensitive in all experiments suffix.
Keywords: Killer toxins, Yeasts, Thin
layer chromatography, Purification, Antimicrobial activity.
94. Addition of
acai fruits extract to Tris extender and its effect on some parameters of ram
semen preserved at cooling.
Hasan Fadel Radi 1, Husam Jasim
Hussien Banana 2
1 Directorate of Babylon
agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Iraq
2 College of Agricultural
Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Iraq
Corresponding author:
[email protected]
Abstract: This study was carried out
in order to know the effect of adding aqueous extract of acai fruit (Euterpe
oleracea Martius) to the semen extender of Awassi rams on Bi-ochemical
parameters of seminal plasma after storage at cooling. This study was carried
out in the animal field and laboratories of the Department of Animal Production
/ College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences / University of Baghdad in the period from No-vember 15, 2021
until April 25, 2022. Three local Awassi rams were used in this experi-ment,
their ages were between 2.5 - 3 years, and weighed between 50-58 kg, and semen
was collected from them using an artificial vagina to obtain one ejaculate from
each Ram weekly. the samples were divided using Tris extender, as follow :1.0,
1.5, 2.0, 2.5 mg Acai extract / 1 ml Tris in addition to the control
group.Measurements of AST, ALT and MDA
concentrations were performed in the seminal plasma. The results of the current
study showed that had no significant effect on the concentration of MDA, AST and ALT in seminal plasma for the
two periods ( 0 and 72 hours) of preservation for treatments T1, T2, T3 and T4,
although the concentration of ALT enzyme and the concentration of MDA in the seminal plasma of T3 treatment were mathematically lower than
the rest of the treatments in the two periods (0 and 72 hours), while there was
an arithmetic decrease in the concentration of AST enzyme for treatment T4 over
the rest of the treatments in the pe-riod (0 hours) and treatment T1 over the
rest of the treatments after (72 hours) of preserva-tion
Keywords: Acai fruit extract, semen,
ram, preservation, 5°C.
95. Effect of
feeding dilution with date kernels treated with different methods on some
productive traits of broilers.
Zahra'a Razzaq Hussain1, Muhammad
Jodi Shahid1 and Jassim Kassim Al-Gharawi2
1 Animal Production Department,
College of Agriculture and Marshes, University of Thi-Qar, Iraq.
2 Animal Production Department,
Agriculture College, Al-Muthanna University, Iraq.
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract: This experiment was
conducted at the poultry field, Agricultural Research and Experiments Station,
College of Agriculture and the Marshes, Thi Qar University, from 11/1/2021 to
12/12/2021, to determine the effect of diluting the feed with date kernels
treated in different ways on some productive traits of broilers. A total of
270, one day, 40 gm chicks of Rose-308 were used. Chicks were randomly
distributed to the five ex-perimental treatments with three replicates (18
birds for each replicate), the diets were provided from the begin-ning of the
second week until the end of the sixth week. The treatments were as follows:
T1: Standard control diet (without dilution); T2: control diet diluted by 20%
regular date seed pods for 7-42 days; T3: basal diet di-luted with 20% date
kernels, cooked for 7-42 days; T4: basal diet diluted with 20% vinegar-treated
seed for 7-42 days; T5: basal diet diluted by 20% seed germinated for 7-42
days. The results indicated a significant im-provement when diluting the feed
with date kernel powder compared to the control treatment in all the studied
productive traits, the dilution of feed with cultivar date kernel powder gave
the best results in a significant way compared to the other treatments.
Keywords: feeding dilution, date
kernels, productive traits, broilers.
96. Evaluation
the Effect of the Formula Containing Partial Purified of Protease Produced From
Aspergillus niger
Hiba T. Rasheed
Department of Biology, College of
Science, University of Wasit, Wasit Iraq
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0190-803x
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract: Aspergillus niger protease
has attracted the attention of experts of environmental biotechnology since
fungi can grow on low-cost substrates and secrete huge quantities of the enzyme
into the culture medium. In this study, the samples of Aspergillus niger were
collected from bread and onion, and then identified and screened for protease
production using of skim milk agar. The production of media have followed
components in gm/100 ml –casein 1g; yeast extract 0.6 g; urea 0.6g ; NH4H2PO4
0.6g; (NH4)2SO4 0.6g; NH4Cl 0.6g; DDW 100 ml; glucose 1gm; and pH 8.5 for
protease production , the produced protease in crud extract was partial
purified with solid (NH4)2SO4 was added to it by continuous mixing on ice bag
(80% saturation) and the protease activity was 640 AU/ml with specific activity
of 1280 AU/mg. The formula contained the partial purified protease was
prepared, the protease produced from A. niger applied in formula was
investigated by using skim milk agar ,wells contains the protease-containing
formula has shown a significant clear zone and this ensure the activity of this
formula.
Keywords: Protease ; Skim milk agar;
Iraq.
97. Copper/
Chitosan Nanocomposite Prepared by Chemical Method for Active Antimicrobial
Activity
Ghufran K. Ibadi 1, Ali A. Taha2,
and Selma M. H. Al-Jawad3*
1Biomedical Engineering, Department,
University of Technology, Iraq.
2Biotechnology department, School of
Applied Sciences, University of Technology- Iraq.
3Applied physics department, School
of Applied Sciences, University of Technology- Iraq.
*Corresponding author: Selma M.H. AL-Jawad
Email of Corresponding author :
[email protected], [email protected]
ORCID for Corresponding Author:
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0599-7789
Abstract: Background: Chitosan is a
promising polymeric that have received a lot of attention recently. Chitosan
nanoparticles have wide applications as a nanocarrier for different organic and
inorganic substances. Methods: In the present study, copper (CuNPs), chitosan
nanoparticles (CNPs) and Cu/CS nanocomposite (Cu/CNC) had been prepared and
characterized. All prepared nanoparticles were inspected by X-ray diffraction (XRD) , Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy (FTIR), Field emission
scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM ),
Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), UV/VIS spectroscopy, and zeta potential.
Finally, antimicrobial activity of CuNPs , CNPs and Cu/CNC was tested by disc
diffusion assay at different concentrations (0.5-2 mg/ml) against Candida
albicans , Klebsiella. pneumoniae , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Proteus mirabilis
, Cryptococcus sp. , Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter
sp. Results :The results showed an absorbance peak at 550 nm due to presence of
Cu/CNC. From FTIR spectrum, found peak at 686.66 cm-1 that refers to the copper
successfully binding with chitosan. Furthermore, the particle size average of
Cu/CNC was 36.34 - 48.27 nm. EDS analysis of Cu/CNC showed peaks of Cu and
nitrogen that refers to chitosan. Conclusions: In this study showed Cu/CNC have
highest growth inhibition zone at concentration 2 mg/ml against C.albicans,
P.aeruginosa and S.aureus with the diameters (9.75±0.35, 15±1.41, 15.5±0.70)
mm, respectively.
Key words: Copper nanoparticles,
Chitosan nanoparticles, nanocomposite, XRD, FE_SEM Antimicrobial activity.
98. Genotyping
of rs228666 SNP of the human gene ACE2 in mild, moderate and sever Covid-19
patients.
Amer Mohammed Kradi 1, Abdul Hussein
Moyet AlFaisal2, Ahmed Mohammed Turki3
"1 Health Ministry, Anbar
Hospital-Anbar Health department, Iraq.
2 Institute of Genetic Engineering
and Biotechnology for postgraduate Studies, University of Baghdad-Baghdad, Iraq.
3 Anbar University-College of
Science, Anbar, Iraq
*Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: The ACE2-converting enzyme
has been identified as the specific receptor for Corona virus, but the effect
of the ACE2 gene polymorphism is still unknown, so the expression of human ACE2
independently may affect the susceptibility to infection with Covid-19. Corona
virus is an infectious and pandemic disease caused by it. To evaluate the
association between the ACE2 gene polymorphism and the severity of Covid-19
infection, we used PCR polymerase reaction and polymorphism methods to examine
80 patients classified into severe infection based on symptoms and 80 control
factors.. Results demonstrated statistical significance in this high-risk group
and the function of rs228666 SNP in the risk of infection with the independent
ACE2 gene rs228666. Individuals who have the variation A allele may be more
vulnerable to infection than those who carry G in a condition with the GA
genotype when compared to other genotypes GG, GA, while the AA genotype was not
significant. Corona virus susceptibility and disease severity were related to
inflammation and genetic polymorphism, while there was no clear evidence
linking this rs228666 SNP to the severity of Covid-19 infection. At the 0.01 %
probability level, the prediction of the GG genotype for control was not
significant. In the case of mild infections, the ACE2 rs228666 SNP genotype was
found to be a protective factor for infection with Covid-19 illness in Iraqi
patients. Furthermore, patients with this GA genotype are more likely to
develop Covid-19 illness than the other genotypes, although the AA genotype had
no significant effect on this disease. Individuals with the A allele are also
more likely to be infected with COVID-19 than those with the G allele,
according to the findings. The GG genotype of the ACE2 rs228666 SNP was
substantially greater at the 0.01 % probability level in the medium cases
compared to the control group, showing that the GG genotype of the ACE2 rs228666
SNP is a protective factor against the incidence of infection. With Covid-19 in
Iraqi patients, however the values of the AA genotype are not significant,
implying that an individual who carries the A allele is more likely to get
Covid-19 disease than those who possess the GG allele.
Key words: Coronavirus , SNP , ACE2
99. Studying the
effect of electrolyzed water as a denture cleanser on physical properties of
both PMMA and polyamide denture base-materials
Ahmed Adnan Abed*, and Aseel
Mohammed Al-Khafaji
Department of Prosthodontics,
College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq;
[email protected].
Correspondence:
[email protected]
Abstract: Denture cleansing is an
essential step that can stop cross‑contamination
and adds to the health of the patient, denture durability, and the general
quality of life. A disinfection technique must be effective devoid of damaging
effect on the materials properties used for the construction of denture base.The
main aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of three concentrations of
electrolyzed water denture cleanser on heat cure acrylic and polyamide after
immersion in electrolyzed water. The evaluation is based on their efficacy on
surface hardness, wettabilityand color stability comparing with one that
submerged in distilled water as a control group.The method consists of a
hundred and eighty samples of the heat cured acrylic, and polyamide material.
The samples were immersed in electrolyzed water at a concentration of
(100-200ppm) and in distilled water for 5 minutes, 30 times, and daily for 12
days to simulate a one-year interval.The outcome of the conducted tests showed
that the surface hardness and color stability were maintained, where there was
no significant difference between control and experimental groups. While the
result of wettability showed statistically significant differ-ence between
control and experimental groups. Thus, electrolyzed water has no effect on the
surface hardness and color stability of both heat cure acrylic and polyamide
denture base materials, but the wettability of these materials was
significantly increased.
Keywords: Electrolyzed water; Heat
cure acrylic; Polyamide material
100. Frequency
and Risk Factors Standing Behind the Development of Dry Socket
Emad H. Abdullah 1*, Sundus Anwer M.
AL-Hamdani 2, Faaiz Alhamdani 3, and Khawlah Tarteeb Hussein 4.
"1Ibn Sina University of
Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Baghdad, Iraq, em[email protected].
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1795-9475
2 Ibn Sina University of Medical and
Pharmaceutical Sciences,Baghdad, Iraq, [email protected].
3Ibn Sina University of Medical and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Iraq, Baghdad. f[email protected].
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4899-824X
4Ibn Sina University of Medical and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Iraq, Baghdad
Correspondence: [email protected]
Abstract: Dry socket (alveolar
osteitis) is the most commonly encountered complication after tooth extraction
in humans and this has been widely reported. Dry socket lesion although it is a
self-limiting condition but the pain and discomfort that the patient complains
of leads to lost days at work and many visits to the hospital. As the exact and
confirmed etiopathogenesis for dry socket has not been well understood. The aim
of this study were to find out the frequency, clinical picture, and risk
factors for dry socket. A total of 995 patients were in-cluded in this study.
There were 593 (59.6%) male patients and 402 (40.4%) female patients. The age
of pa-tients ranged from 14 -70 years with a mean of 33.9 ± 11.32 years. from
January 2013 to March 2015. All consecutive patients who were referredOral
surgery Department in Al-Karama specialized dentistry centre in Baghdad for
consultation. A total of 995 patients were included in this study. Out of 995,
68 patients devel-oped dry sockets (6.83%). Those patients who developed
sockets et were between (18-67) years(mean 33.9,sd+11.32) most of them in the
third decade of life, there were 593 (59.6%) male patients and 402 (40.4%)
female patients with a higher percentage of dry sockets than the female group,
33(48.5%) of 68 cases who de-veloped dry sockets had surgical extraction. There
were significant differences in the development of sockets pocket between the removal
of the two teeth done surgically (51.5%) or non-surgically (48.5%), p= 0.033.
The frequency of AO reported in this study is higher than the overall incidence
of studies registered. There were significant differences concerning the age of
the patient and dry socket, there is no relationship between smok-ing and the
occurrence of dry socket found in the present study. It has been shown that the
frequency of AO increases in patients with poor oral hygiene in the literature.
Clinically the picture of the dry socket that includes pain, empty socket and
exposed bone were found in all patients.
Keywords:Dry socket,Frequency, risk
factor, oral hygiene surgical extraction